Resumen

TORRES ZEVALLOS, Carlos Franco; SANCHEZ-CCOYLLO, Odón Román  y  MARCELINO TARMENO, Edgar Avelino. Enhanced electrochemical treatment for the removal of metals from soils contaminated due to mining environmental liabilities. Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient [online]. 2024, vol.40, 54223.  Epub 09-Mayo-2024. ISSN 0188-4999.  https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54223.

Mining environmental liabilities (MEL) are metal-intensive wastes that have the potential to contaminate the surrounding soil, adversely affecting water and air quality, degrading ecosystems, and causing toxic effects on human health. This study used electrochemical treatment as a remediation technique to decontaminate soil affected by MEL. Through a mixed factorial design, the effects of the improvement solutions, acetic acid, and nitric acid, and three distances from the soil with respect to the anode, on the residual concentration and one-dimensional spatial distribution of Pb, Cd, and Zn were investigated. The tests were carried out in triplicate, in acrylic cells, for five days, submitted to 30 V of power, and with nitric acid as cathode fluid. The results showed that nitric acid reduces 4.0, 11.5, and 11.3 times the content of Pb, Cd, and Zn compared to acetic acid, that is, the highest removal percentages of Pb, Zn, and Cd were 40, 34, and 23 %, respectively, when using nitric acid. Moreover, the one-dimensional spatial distribution of metals in the post-treatment soil was not an increasing concentration gradient from the anode region to the cathodic region, but was rather a homogeneous trend. Therefore, using nitric acid as the enhancement fluid confirmed the viability of the electrochemical treatment, although it should be enhanced under other experimental conditions to achieve higher remediation rates.

Palabras llave : lead; cadmium; zinc; nitric acid; mining waste.