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Agrociencia
versión On-line ISSN 2521-9766versión impresa ISSN 1405-3195
Agrociencia vol.41 no.1 Texcoco ene./feb. 2007
Crop science
Hydric relationships and osmotic adjustment in wheat
1Departamento de Producción Agrícola. Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas. Universidad de Chile, Casilla 1004 Santiago. Chile. (hsilva@uchile.cl)
With the aim of comparing the effect of two environments on hydric relationships, an analysis was made of the variation of osmotic adjustment and its relationship with yield in 20 wheat genotypes in the greenhouse and the field. It is postulated that osmotic adjustment (OA), measured in leaves of plants grown in the greenhouse, is an indicator of the OA in leaves of plants established in the field. The plants were established in pots in the greenhouse; one group was watered at field capacity (FC) and the other at 40% FC. In the field the plants were established in two assays: one with and the other without irrigation. The variables were: total water potential (Ψ), osmotic potential (ψs), water potential at maximum turgor (ψsh) and pressure potential (ψp). In the greenhouse, the osmotic adjustment value was lower (0.00 and 0.50 MPa), compared with the field values (0.01 to 0.7 MPa). There was high interaction irrigation×sampling, replication×sampling and irrigation×genotype in the field, but not in the greenhouse. In the field there was positive correlation between OA and yield (R2=0.31; p≤0.05), but the OA measured in the greenhouse was not correlated with the OA measured in the field.
Key words: Triticum aestivum L.; water stress; grain yield
Para comparar el efecto de dos medios ambiente en las relaciones hídricas se analizó la variación del ajuste osmótico y su relación con el rendimiento en 20 genotipos de trigo en invernadero y campo. Se postula que el ajuste osmótico (AO), medido en hojas de plantas crecidas en invernadero, es un indicador del AO en hojas de plantas establecidas en campo. Las plantas se establecieron en macetas en invernadero; un grupo se regó a capacidad de campo (CC) y el otro a 40% de la CC. En campo las plantas se establecieron en dos ensayos: uno con y otro sin riego. Las variables fueron: potencial hídrico total (Ψ), potencial osmótico (ψs), potencial osmótico a turgencia máxima (ψsh) y potencial de presión (ψp). En invernadero, el valor del ajuste osmótico fue más bajo (0.00 y 0.50 MPa), comparado con los valores de campo (0.01 a 0.7 MPa). Hubo una alta interacción riego×muestreo, repetición×muestreo y riego×genotipo en campo, pero no en invernadero. En campo hubo correlación positiva entre AO y rendimiento (R2=0.31; p≤0.05), pero el AO medido en invernadero no se correlacionó con el AO medido en campo.
Palabras clave: Triticum aestivum L.; déficit hídrico; rendimiento en grano
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Received: November 2005; Accepted: September 2006