Resumen

TORRES LEON, Alejandra. Towards a Critical Theory of Inclusion. A Political and Philosophical Review of the Notion of Otherness. Rev. latinoam. estud. educ. [online]. 2023, vol.53, n.2, pp.15-37.  Epub 02-Oct-2023. ISSN 2448-878X.  https://doi.org/10.48102/rlee.2023.53.2.553.

Disability is the empirical manifestation of otherness. Otherness is, from a pluralist position, what is considered different. The notions of inclusion and otherness are articulated: to understand one requires understanding the other. This article aims to present a theoretical proposal with the philosophical and political foundations of both notions. It uses socio-critical theoretical contributions as a reference, which allows complex reflection and socio-historical analysis of the articulation of the notion of inclusion with the notion of otherness. Otherness is built in a differential exercise with what is known as “normal”. Both parties, the normal and the other, benefit uniquely from this social relationship. Inclusion is a compensatory measure for a world that produces inequalities. For inclusion to cease to be necessary, profound structural changes are required for the emergence of a social formation that does not generate inequalities.

Palabras llave : inclusion; otherness; educational inclusion; inclusive education; disability.