Introduction:

Spontaneous pneumothorax in children is a rare condition and sometimes the diagnosis is difficult. It is more frequent in male patients, adolescents, with the leptosomal phenotype and smokers.

Clinical case:

A 16-year-old man presented a spontaneous pneumothorax after exercising, which was complicated, with iatrogenic hemothorax, as well as ipsilateral lung collapse. After specific treatment, he presented good clinical evolution.

Conclusions:

Pediatricians must be trained in the detection of pneumothorax in a timely manner to avoid possible complications.