Resumen

LOPEZ-MEJIA, Lizbeth; BAUTISTA-SILVA, Miriam; PINZON-NAVARRO, Adriana  y  XOCHIHUA-DIAZ, Luis. Alterations of growth and nutritional status in HIV-infected pediatric patients. Acta pediatr. Méx [online]. 2014, vol.35, n.4, pp.267-279. ISSN 2395-8235.

Background: Childhood is the most important period of physical growth and cognitive development. Studies show that growth and nutritional status of pediatric patients infected with HIV are often altered. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence in alterations of growth and nutritional status of HIV-infected pediatric patients treated at the HIV Clinic of the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría in México City. Materials and Methods: It was an observational, descriptive, transversal study. The final sample included 49 patients, 22 girls and 27 boys between 3 months and 18 years old. All participants underwent a complete nutritional assessment that included anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary indicators. Results: The most common nutritional disorder was stunting. A higher prevalence of acute malnutrition was observed in infants, preschoolers and hospitalized patients. The biochemical evaluation assessed the presence of dyslipidemia and anemia. The 46.9% of the sample showed abnormal plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, or both. On clinical examination diarrhea was the most frequent symptom, which was observed in 100% of hospitalized patients. The dietary assessment showed that none of the patients followed the healthy diet baselines. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the importance of nutritional intervention in patients with HIV. The HIV Clinic of Instituto Nacional de Pediatría should consider including a nutritionist as part of the multidisciplinary team.

Palabras llave : Nutritional status; HIV; Children.

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