Resumen

BERIAIN, Josetxo. Las máscaras de la violencia colectiva: chivo expiatorio-mártir, héroe nacional y suicida-bomba. Sociológica (Méx.) [online]. 2007, vol.22, n.64, pp.77-118. ISSN 2007-8358.

This article develops and analyzes the archetypes that categorize aggression as a human characteristic, presupposing violence as a constituent part of society. The metamorphosis of these archetypes presupposes that a collective act, embodied in the scapegoat, becomes an individual decision, and later, a powerful weapon embodied in the suicide bomber. Thus, the article's aim is to show the evolution of these archetypes and their mythical-religious basis, establishing the relationship among these phenomena and the connection of meaning between them and today's "terrorism" where the victims are the executioners and vice versa.

Palabras llave : violence; metamorphosis; scapegoat; martyr; sacrifice; nihilist terrorist; suicide bomber; power of the powerless.