Introduction and objective:

cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for gallbladder lithiasis, which is not free of complications (2-5%), related to mastery of the technique, inflammation of Calot’s triangle or anatomical variants; Recently obesity has been considered as a risk factor so we decided to perform the present study in 2 hospitals in Southeast Mexico.

Material and methods:

prospective, multicenter, comparative study in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy by 2 different groups of surgeons with more than 15 years of experience, classified into 3 groups: a) normal weight, b) overweight and c) obesity. Variables analyzed: anthropometric characteristics, comorbidities, surgical time, days/stay, complications and mortality. Statistical analysis: the results were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics, with the SPSS 24.0 program.

Results:

317 patients: Group A: 134 cases, age 45.78 ± 14.6 years, female gender 83.58%, body mass index (BMI) 22.6 ± 4.56 kg/m2, comorbilities 17.16%, surgical/time 54.07 ± 14.10 min, hospital/stay 1.96 ± 2.23, without complications and mortality. Group B: 89 patients, age 51.26 ± 13.23 years, female gender 77.78%, BMI 28.6 28.6 ± 4.50 kg/m2 comorbilities 23.59%, surgical time 56.72 ± 9.17 min, days/stay 1.89 ± 3.4, complications 3.68%, without mortality. Group C: 94 patients, age 58.5 ± 9.8 years, female gender 77.78%, BMI 32.50 ± 6.87 kg/m2, surgical time 63.16 ± 12.4 min, days/stay 2.84 ± 3.42, complications 10.63%, no deaths (p = 0.0001).

Conclusions:

in our study, the greatest number and severity of complications occurred in patients with BMI > 34 kg/m2, so obesity should be considered in patients who will undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy, however, a greater number of cases are required to confirm this hypothesis.