Introduction:

false gallbladder polyps are considered benign lesions; on the other hand, true gallbladder polyps are closely related with the adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence for gallbladder pathology.

Objective:

determine if there are any sociodemographic or clinical risk factors related to the presence of true gallbladder polyps in patients with polypoid lesions who underwent a cholecystectomy in a Third Level Hospital in Mexico City.

Material and methods:

observational and descriptive study based on a total of 48 patients with polypoid lesions, confirmed by histopathologic reports of these patients who underwent cholecystectomy between January of 2015 and December of 2019.

Results:

13 patients (27.1%) were diagnosed with a true gallbladder polyp, and 35 (72.9%) with pseudopolyp. We found that patients with type II diabetes mellitus and overweight represent clear risk factors for the development of a true gallbladder polyp, with odds ratios of 2.349 (CI 95% 1.042-5.294, p = 0.038) and OR = 5.727 (CI 95% 1.457-22.512, p = 0.019) respectively.

Conclusions:

the presence of type II diabetes mellitus and overweight are risk factors for a gallbladder polypoid lesion to develop into a true gallbladder polyp. These findings should be taken into consideration when treating these patients, given that true gallbladder polyps can potentially become malignant.