Resumen

LEDESMA-RAMIREZ, Lourdes et al. GGE BIPLOT analysis of wheat (Triticum spp.) yield under normal and restricted irrigation in El Bajío, México. Agrociencia [online]. 2012, vol.46, n.2, pp.119-131. ISSN 2521-9766.

El Bajío is one of the principal wheat (Triticum spp.) producing areas in México, as it contributes 28 % of the national total. Among the principal problems affecting wheat production in El Bajío is lack of water, given that the groundwater balance presents an important defcit. Through genetic breeding it is possible to obtain genotypes with high yields, under normal and restricted irrigation. The objective of the present study was to analyze the genotype-by-environment interaction of eight wheat cultivars in three irrigation calendars in Celaya, Guanajuato, México, with the GGE biplot model. In the fall-winter agricultural cycles of 1999 to 2008, five four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were evaluated, and three of crystalline wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) with two, three and four irrigations (0-55, 0-45-75 and 0-45-75-100 d after sowing). The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with three replicates. For the analysis of phenotypic stability, the GGE biplot model was used. The model explained 78 % of the combined effects of genotypes and of the genotype-by-environment interaction, the CPI 63 % and the CP2 15 % of the variability due to genotypes and the genotype-by-environment interaction. According to the model, Bárcenas S2002 was the most productive cultivar in 24 environments, Eneida F94 was outstanding in two and Camón 5 in one. Salamanca S75 and Saturno S86 obtained the lowest values of the CP2; therefore, this model classified them as the most stable. The results obtained showed that Bárcenas S2002 was the best both under normal and restricted irrigation, and that phenotypic stability is useful only when it is considered together with yield through environments.

Palabras llave : principal components; stability; water shortage; genotype-by-environment interaction; Triticum aestivum L.; Triticum durum Desf.