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Revista odontológica mexicana
versión impresa ISSN 1870-199X
Rev. Odont. Mex vol.12 no.2 Ciudad de México jun. 2008
https://doi.org/10.22201/fo.1870199xp.2008.12.2.15675
Trabajos originales
Citomegalovirus y microorganismos periodontopáticos subgingivales en periodontitis crónica y agresiva
Cytomegalovirus and subgingival periodonthopatic bacteria in chronic and aggressive periodontitis
* Grupo de Medicina Periodontal, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
§ Grupo VIREM (Virus Emergentes), Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
Objetivo
Algunos herpesvirus y en especial citomegalovirus (HCMV) han sido implicados en la patogénesis de la enfermedad periodontal y sobrecrecimiento bacteriano a nivel subgingival. El objetivo de esta investigación es describir la frecuencia de detección de HCMV y coinfección con bacterias periodontopáticas en sujetos con periodontitis.
Material y métodos
Parámetros clínicos periodontales y muestras de placa bacteriana subgingival fueron tomados de pacientes con periodontitis crónica (28), periodontitis agresiva (5) y sujetos periodontalmente sanos (24). Para detectar y cuantificar HCMV (copies/μL) se utilizó Real Time PCR. La detección de P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, A. actinomycetemcomitans y bacilos entéricos Gram negativos se realizó por medio de cultivo microbiológico. Diferencias entre grupos fueron establecidas por medio de la prueba t de Student y Chi2 (P ≤ 0.05).
Resultados
La frecuencia de detección de HCMV fue de 60% en pacientes con periodontitis en contraste con 4.1% en sujetos periodontalmente sanos (P < 0.05). El número promedio de copias de HCMV fue de 635.6 copias/μL en periodontitis vs 6.45E-004 copias/mL en sujetos sanos. Los parámetros periodontales (BOP, PD, CAL) estuvieron aumentados en pacientes HCMV (+) así como la infección por P. gingivalis y T. forsythia.
Conclusiones
La detección subgingival de HCMV estuvo asociada con parámetros clínicos aumentados y adicionalmente co-infección entre HCMV y P. gingivalis y T. forsythia puede ser un factor patogénico importante.
Palabras clave: Periodontitis crónica; periodontitis agresiva; HCMV; Real Time PCR; P. gingivalis; T. forsythia
Objective
Some herpesviruses and particularly citomegalovirus (HCMV) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease as well as in the subgingival bacterial overgrowth. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency detection of HCMV and coinfection with periodontopathic bacteria in subjects with periodontitis.
Materials and methods
Periodontal clinical parameters and subgingival plaque samples were collected from 28 chronic periodontitis patients, five patients involved with aggressive periodontitis and 24 periodontally healthy subjects. Real time PCR was used to detect and quantify the number of viral copies (copies/μL) of HCMV. Bacterial culture was used to detect P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, A. actinomycetemcomitans and Gram negative enteric rods. Differences between groups were established with the t Student and Chi2 test (P ≤ 0.05).
Results
The detection frequency of HCMV was 60% in periodontitis contrasting with 4.1% in the control group (P < 0.05). The mean number of viral copies of HCMV was 635.6 copies/μL in periodontitis vs 6.45E-004 copies/mL in non periodontitis subjects. Periodontal disease clinical parameters (BOP, CAL, PD) were increased among HCMV+ patients as well as the infection by P. gingivalis and T. forsythia.
Conclusions
The subgingival detection of HCMV was associated with increased periodontal disease severity and also co-infection between HCMV and P. gingivalis and T. forsythia could be an important pathogenic factor.
Key words: Chronic periodontitis; aggressive periodontitis; HCMV; Real time PCR; P. gingivalis; T. forsythia
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