Resumen

ALVAREZ CASTANON, Lorena del Carmen  y  BOLANOS EVIA, Gilda Rosa. Innovation and Strategy: two concepts apparently contradictory. Nova scientia [online]. 2011, vol.3, n.5, pp.118-142. ISSN 2007-0705.

The emergence of new markets, e-business, the development of new technologies, the level of organizational competitiveness, the globalization or aggregation, no doubt that the knowledge is one of the most critical variables to achieve sustainable success in any organization (Argyris y Schon, 1978; Nonaka, 1991; Kogut y Zander, 1992; among others). One of the most pressing challenges for organizations is to increase its performance of innovation; we have been living a "knowledge economy" that just the knowledge has to become tangibly in an innovation to allow organizations to remain competitive. In this paper the author presents an analysis to explain the degree of correlation between innovation and strategy on the organizations, since they seem to be contradictory concepts: strategy involves planning and innovation involves inventing "without an apparent order". From this perspective, a new point of view in relation to the contexts of the organizations might be considered, in function of the strategy, to obtain a better performance of innovation, through a study conducted on Guanajuato State, Mexico. The methodology is developed based on the constructivist paradigm; it was based methodologically on the "Reconstruction of the Whole" (Páramo, 1999). In the estimates made, it was finding a 37% between innovation and strategic, with the learning school. Normality test of residuals was made, finding that the data behave normally resulting in a p-value of 58%. Also, we conducted surveys of equipment I & D & i for companies in the sample. In conclusion, noted that enterprises of Guanajuato the most conducive context to trigger innovation is a strategy based in learning, learning organizations over time and through time converge in behavior patterns that work. The correlation coefficient found indicates a strong positive correlation between innovation and strategy in the context of learning, the more increase activity of strategy in the context of learning, the greater is the innovation's performance. Researchers who sympathize with the learning approach found, when it held a significant strategic shift, rarely originated in a formal planning activity; in fact often don't even come from offices of senior managers (Mintzberg, 1999).

Palabras llave : Innovation; Performance of innovation; Schools of thought about the strategy; Correlation Innovation-Learning.