Resumen

SANCHEZ CHAVEZ, Esteban et al. Use of rootstocks on the yield, fruit quality and resistance to Phytophthora capsici Leonian in bell peppers. Nova scientia [online]. 2015, vol.7, n.15, pp.227-244. ISSN 2007-0705.

The bell pepper is one of the main chilies produced in Mexico to open field after the jalapeño and Serrano. The main factor limiting the production of this crop, is the incidence of wilt in chili, a disease caused by the fungus Phytophthora capsici that causes losses between 10 and 100% of the production. A viable alternative for the control of the disease, is the use of rootstocks in vegetables. The objective of the present work was to study the effect of the use of rootstock on performance, quality of the fruit and resistance to P. capsici in bell peppers. We used the commercial varieties of sweet red pepper Fascinato and Janette and the commercial rootstock Terrano. The experiment was conducted in a mesh system shadow in Delicias, Chihuahua, Mexico during the production cycle 2012. We used an experimental design of a randomized complete block with four treatments and four replications; treatments were: Terrano grafted with Fascinato, Terrano grafted with Janette, Fascinato without grafting and Janette without grafting. The variables evaluated were: yield, fruit quality and lethality of plants. The results obtained indicate that the combination variety/rootstock Fascinato/Terrano and Janette/Terrano produced the highest yields in fruit, recorded increases of 53.47 % and 49.40 % respectively in relation to the same varieties without grafting. Also, Fascinato/Terrano had the lowest mortality of plants caused by P. capsici (32%), followed by Janette/Terrano (36%). While Fascinato and Janette ungrafted varieties showed the greatest number of dead plants (57% and 53%, respectively), indicating that the rootstock Terrano confers resistance to the disease caused by P. capsici. The rootstock Terrano increased production by 50% and fruit quality of bell peppers, assuming that the use of rootstocks could be a viable technology in the future of sustainable horticulture.

Palabras llave : Phytophthora capsici; bell pepper; rootstock; genetic resistance.

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