Resumen

DESGARENNES-ALCALA, C.M. et al. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of CAPN1 and CAST, two genes associated to meat quality, in cattle from the Papaloapan Basin. Nova scientia [online]. 2017, vol.9, n.19, pp.211-228. ISSN 2007-0705.  https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v9i19.996.

The dual-purpose cattle are that used to produce meat and milk, is usually the product of miscegenation Cebu origin x European and / or creole. This genetic group has adapted to the climatic conditions of temperature, humidity, low quality pastures and any kind of parasite prevalent in tropical regions. In this work, a molecular thorough examination was performed to observe the frequency of two polymorphisms gene μ-calpain (CAPN1-316, CAPN1-530) and one gene calpastatin (CAST), associated with the softness of meat cattle dual purpose of the Cuenca Papaloapan. The tests were based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and length polymorphisms Restriction Fragment (LPRF) with restriction enzymes Btg I, Ava II and Rsa I for CG, AG and CG alleles, respectively (n = 331). To CAPN1-316 the genotypic frequencies obtained were 0.03 (AA), 0.86 (GG) and 0.11 (GA) and allele frequencies were 0.86 (G) and 0.14 (A). CAPN1-530 marker for the genotype frequencies were 0.02 (CC), 0.85 (GG) and 0.13 (GC) with an allele frequency of 0.85 to 0.15 for G and C. The genotype frequencies for the marker CAST were 0.32 (CC), 0.28 (GG) and 0.4 (GC) with an allele frequency of 0.68 for the G and 0.32 allele for allele C. The study population was found in Hardy Weinberg and values ​​χ2P two degrees of liberty were 0.964, 0.985 and 0.9803 for CAPN1-316, CAPN1-530 and CAST, respectively. According to the percentage of genotyping markers on capn1 and CAST genes it concludes that the analyzed population has low levels of markers for softness or tenderness of the meat, probably by cross undirected carried out regularly, thus it aims to improve the quality of meat based on genetic programs improved using genetically superior animals resulting from this study.

Palabras llave : cattle dual purpose; meat tenderness; calpain; calpastatin.