Resumen

PEREZ LOPEZ, Delfina de Jesús et al. Genetic variability, phenotypic diversity and indetification of outstanding potato genotypes. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2010, vol.1, n.4, pp.579-592. ISSN 2007-0934.

The study of variability, genetic diversity and identification of excellent genotypes in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is fundamental in genetic improvement programs, technology generation and seed production. Nine genotypes coming from minitubers were evaluated in years 2005 to 2006, in an experimental design of complete blocks at random with four repetitions. The experimental plot had three furrows (0.9*1.8 m), but the useful plot was the central furrow. The number, weight, diameter, length and tuber yield were evaluated with the combined analysis of variance and with the comparison of averages of Tukey test (p= 0.01); also, it was considered the genetic variability (h²), the phenotypical diversity between genotypes and relationship was determined between genotypes with the variables, through analysis of main components and conglomerates. The genotype 779040 was identified as of better adaptation in both years and higher average yield (34.46 t ha^-1), Gigant (33.85 t ha^-1), 750660 (30.42 t ha^-1) and Zafiro (27.47 t ha^-1); these four genotypes were classified in the same group, through analysis of main components and conglomerates; therefore, it is recommended for commercial sow and technology generation in the area of study. The positive and significant correlation betwen yield versus weight, diameter and tuber length per plant, suggest that potato genotypes considered in this study could be improved efficiently, by means of yield itself or considering these tuber characteristics.

Palabras llave : Solanum tuberosum L.; analysis of main and conglomerate components; heritability; minituber.

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