Resumen

GRAGEDA-CABRERA, Oscar Arath et al. Effect of biofertilizers on the assimilation of nitrogen by the wheat crop. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2018, vol.9, n.2, pp.281-289. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v9i2.1071.

The crops absorb an average of 20 to 40% of the applied fertilizer, the remaining percentage is lost from the agricultural system by various mechanisms, causing considerable economic losses and environmental contamination. Among the benefits of the use of microorganisms in agriculture is their ability to improve the assimilation of nutrients. A field experiment was carried out whose objective was to evaluate the effect of inoculation of bacterial and fungal biofertilizers on the efficiency of assimilation of nitrogen fertilizer in wheat cultivation. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with four repetitions and nine biofertilization treatments using the 15N isotopic dilution technique to determine the N in the fertilizer derived plant and the fertilizer utilization percentage N. The chemical fertilization produced the highest grain yields and ensures its quality. The inoculation of wheat with HVA significantly increased the yield of grain up to 1 291 kg ha-1, the amount of N in the plant from the fertilizer up to 15 kg and the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer up to 11% compared to the witness without inoculating. There were significant differences in plant-microorganism interaction in biomass production and assimilation of N.

Palabras llave : Triticum aestivum; ¹⁵N isotope dilution; fertilizers; inoculants.