Resumen

MARTINEZ-GAMINO, Miguel Ángel; OSUNA CEJA, Esteban Salvador  y  ESPINOSA RAMIREZ, Martín. Accumulated impact of conservation agriculture on soil properties and corn yield. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2019, vol.10, n.4, pp.765-778.  Epub 22-Mayo-2020. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i4.1640.

The preparation of the soil with more trailing fallow destroys the structure of the soil and degrades its physical properties. Conservation agriculture is an alternative that improves soil quality and crop yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cumulative impact of conservation agriculture on soil physical properties and corn yield. The study was carried out in an experimental plot with different tillage methods and 22 years old in the Experimental Field San Luis, of the INIFAP, in Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP. The treatments of fallow plus harrow (B+R) and zero tillage were compared with 33% of the area covered with crop residues (LC+33% C). From 2012 to 2017, the XR-45 corn hybrid was planted in a rotation irrigating corn-oat fodder. By not altering the soil structure with LC+33% C for 22 years, there was a positive impact on porosity, bulk density, infiltration, aggregate stability and mechanical strength, which allowed an increase of 51.08% in yield of corn with respect to that obtained with B+R. The destruction of the soil structure with the B+R degrades the physical properties studied and was reflected in a lower yield of corn. Conservation agriculture is an alternative to improve soil quality and corn yield.

Palabras llave : hardness; infiltration; porosity; stability.

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