Resumen

RAMOS-CRUZ, Carlos Miguel et al. Fruit quality of early orange cultivars in Nuevo León. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2023, vol.14, n.1, pp.75-84.  Epub 19-Jun-2023. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i1.3128.

The state of Nuevo León is one of the main producers of oranges in Mexico, since it has a planted area of 25 820 ha and an annual production of 339 138 t. The predominant cultivar is the Valencia orange, which is characterized by a late maturation cycle, which favors that production in the region concentrates in a relatively short period (February-April), although it can remain on the tree until June if water is available. For this reason, it is necessary to offer producers other cultivars, which are alternatives both in yield and in their commercialization. The objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize a group of early-maturing orange cultivars considering some parameters that affect fruit quality, such as fresh weight, polar and equatorial diameter, peel thickness, number of seeds, oBrix, juice content and its hardness for postharvest handling. Seven early orange cultivars preserved in the Citrus Germplasm Bank of the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research, established in the General Terán Experimental Field, were used. According to the quality characteristics of the fruit, the early orange cultivars were classified into three different groups: the first group is represented by Marrs which has outstanding characteristics, the second group is composed of Parson Brown, Queen, San Miguel, Pineapple and Hamlin with outstanding and intermediate characteristics and the third group is composed of Temprana which has outstanding and low characteristics. The results obtained suggest that there is a wide variation between early orange materials in the state of Nuevo León, constituting themselves as a viable alternative to diversify production and not depend exclusively on the cultivar Valencia.

Palabras llave : Citrus sinensis L.; early cultivars; genetic resources; quality characteristics..

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