Resumen

NARVAEZ-MONTANO, Mónica de Jesús et al. Inhibitory activity of alcoholic extracts of ediblefungi against Rhizoctonia solani. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2023, vol.14, n.4, pp.615-625.  Epub 04-Ago-2023. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i4.3200.

Fungal diseases represent one of the main causes of crop losses annually. Rhizoctonia solani is a pathogenic fungus of worldwide distribution associated with root and tuber diseases of different crops; it causes important economic losses in perennial and annual plants, including almost all horticultural crops. To try to mitigate the losses caused by the fungus, fungicides of synthetic origin have been used; nevertheless, many of these substances are associated with carcinogenicity and are highly toxic to the environment. Edible macromycete fungi are a potential source of antifungal compounds that could be used to control fungal diseases in crops of agricultural interest. This work evaluated the antifungal activity of extracts (alcoholic and dilutions) of edible fungi (Lactarius deliciosus, Ustilago maydis, Amanita jacksonii and Amanita rubescens) against the phytopathogen R. solani by means of three techniques: well and disc diffusion and plate dilution. The results show that with the well diffusion technique, no effect on the growth of R. solani was observed with the alcoholic extracts and their dilutions. While with the disc diffusion technique, a slower growth was observed qualitatively compared to the controls of R. solani with the ethanolic extract of A. jacksonii and in its 1:1 methanol-water dilution. In the plate dilution technique, it was found that the 1:1 ethanol-water dilution of L. deliciosus had 88% inhibition on the growth of R. solani, followed by the ethanol extract of L. deliciosus (65%), methanol extract of U. maydis (63%) and methanol extract of L. deliciosus (57%). Therefore, extracts and dilution should be studied further, by being tested in an in vivo system and identifying the secondary metabolites present.

Palabras llave : Lactarius; Ustilago; phytopathogen.