Resumen

SAINZ-RAMIREZ, Aurora et al. Effect of the cutting date and the use of additives on the chemical composition and fermentative quality of sunflower silage. Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias [online]. 2020, vol.11, n.3, pp.620-637.  Epub 05-Feb-2021. ISSN 2448-6698.  https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v11i3.5092.

The aim of this study was to evaluate cutting dates and the use of additives on the silage quality of the entire sunflower plant. The forage variety (Rumbosol-91) was harvested in weeks 1, 3 and 5 post-flowering (F1, F2 and F3, respectively) and treated with the following additives: 1) 1.5 × 105 cfu of g-1 forage inoculant, based on homofermentative lactic acid bacteria Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus plantarum (INOC), 2) 3 ml kg-1 forage of an 85% formic acid solution (FORM) and 3) without additive (Control); following a 3x3 factorial design with five replications. Effluent production and total dry matter (DM losses decreased, from 282 and 134 g kg-1 on D + 1 to 96 and 87 g kg-1 on D + 5 as a result of the high moisture content of the forage close to flowering. NIRS analysis of the silage samples showed that the protein, fiber and digestibility contents decreased significantly with the maturity of the plant; the rapid accumulation of oil in the DM made the energy concentration higher in the most advanced phenological state. The fermentative quality of the silages was satisfactory, regardless of the cutting moment and the use of additive. It is concluded that the cutting moment of the plant is better at five weeks post-flowering, when an acceptable fermentation is expected without the need to use preservatives.

Palabras llave : Sunflower; Maturity; Digestibility; in vitro; Preservatives.

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