Resumen

ESTRADA CASTILLON, Andrés Eduardo et al. Useful plants in the rural area of Linares municipality, Nuevo León. Rev. mex. de cienc. forestales [online]. 2023, vol.14, n.79, pp.237-265.  Epub 06-Oct-2023. ISSN 2007-1132.  https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v14i79.1353.

The useful flora and uses of plants in the rural area of Linares, Nuevo León were analyzed. A total of 180 semi-structured surveys were conducted in six ejidos. 75 families, 194 genera and 253 species with ethnobotanical use were recorded. The main categories of use were: ornamental (105 species), medicinal (83), food (6) and timber (25); the remaining 34 species are used as fodder, cosmetics and beliefs. Cactaceae (19), Fabaceae (15), Asteraceae (15), Poaceae (15), Lamiaceae (12), Solanaceae (6), Asparagaceae (6), and Rutaceae (4) recorded the highest number of taxa. Of the total number of identified species, 120 are native, and 133 are exotic. As for the medicinal use, Allium sativum, Aloe vera, Echinocereus poselgeri, Equisetum laevigatum, Croton suaveolens, Mentha spicata, Litsea glaucescens and Ruta graveolens were the most widely used. The main timber species were Prosopis glandulosa, Vachellia farnesiana, Ebenopsis ebano, Havardia pallens, Quercus canbyi, Carya illinoinensis, Pinus cembroides, P. montezumae, and P. teocote. For the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), medicinal plants are mainly used to cure ailments of the respiratory, circulatory, reproductive, and digestive systems. The taxa with the highest Use Value Index (UVI), equal to 1 in every case, were Dysphania ambrosioides, Allium cepa, and A. sativum. In regard to the Fidelity Index (FI, %), the highest percentages corresponded to Artemisia ludoviciana, Cymbopogon citratus, and Hedeoma drummondii. The Linares rural region has a rich useful flora, which is mainly used as ornamental, medicinal, food, forage and timber.

Palabras llave : Ethnobotany; Linares; northeastern Mexico; Nuevo León; natural resources; traditional uses of plants.