Resumen

CASTANEDA-RUELAS, Gloria Marisol; FAJARDO LOPEZ, Ana Josefina; BERRIOS, José De J.  y  MENDOZA-LOPEZ, Ilianne Annel. Growth yield and health benefit of farm shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) fed in a pre-fattening phase with a diet based on wheat (Triticum sativum) and chickpea (Cicerarietinum) enriched with spirulina (Spirulina maxima). Veterinaria México OA [online]. 2022, vol.9, e966.  Epub 29-Mayo-2023. ISSN 2448-6760.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2022.966.

The formulation of diets from vegetable protein enriched with immunostimulants is a suitable feeding strategy for shrimp culture. This study evaluated a feed formulated with wheat (Tritium sativum) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) enriched with spirulina (Spirulina maxima) for shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei farming. A feed based on wheat and chickpea (2.5:1) containing 3% spirulina was developed and characterized by proximal chemical analysis. The experimental feed was evaluated along with a commercial feed in a five-week field bioassay to determine the growth, survival, and health status of the juvenile shrimp. In addition, water salinity (mg-L-1) was monitored as an environmental stability factor for shrimp cultures. The proximal chemical composition of the experimental feed contained 17.5 ±0.1% protein, 2.2 ±0.3% lipids and 68.0 ±0.3% carbohydrates. The specific growth rate (0.22 ±0.05 g-days-1) of the shrimp under experimental feed did not show statistical differences in comparison with the commercial feed (P> 0.05). Also, it was determined that the shrimp fed with experimental feed presented a biomass production (0.74 ±0.17 g), survival rate (>98%) (P <0.05) and health status better than shrimp fed with commercial feed. The influence of salinity on shrimp survival was rule out (P> 0.05). This study demonstrated that the experimental feed offers a suitable diet in benefit of the performance and health of the shrimp.

Palabras llave : diet; Litopenaeus vannamei; spirulina; vegetable protein; weight gain.