Introduction:

Resuscitation with intravenous crystalloids to restore circulatory volume in patients with septic shock is fundamental for the treatment. Worldwide, saline solution 0.9% (SS0.9%) is the most widely used crystalloid. Hyperchloremia in most patients is iatrogenic and could be avoided.

Material and methods:

A cohort, ambispective, observational, analytical and longitudinal study was carried. We included patients older than 18 years admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with the diagnosis of septic shock according to the Guidelines of the Campaign Surviving the Sepsis of 2016, in the period from June 15, 2015 to October 30, 2017. The analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, χ2 and t-Student for variables of normal distribution and Fisher’s exact test and U-Mann Whitney for nonparametric variables. All statistical analyzes were performed with the PSSW SPSSTM 22.0 program.

Results:

In the period considered, 70 patients fulfilled the selection criteria proposed, of which 32 (45.7%) died and 38 (54.3%) survived. Of the total patients, thirty-five (50%) were women. The abdomen was the most frequent source of infection with 44.3%, followed by the lung in 25.7%. The most common service was Urgencies with 38.6% of the total number of patients admitted.

Conclusion:

The ΔCl - measured at 24 hours with cut point ≥ 4 mEq/L is a risk factor for mortality in patients with septic shock, the probability of cumulative survival at day 30 is 38%.

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