Artículos regulares

 

El algoritmo de búsqueda armónica y sus usos en el procesamiento digital de imágenes

 

Harmony Search Algorithm and its Use in Digital Image Processing

 

Erik Cuevas, Noé Ortega-Sánchez

 

Departamento de Electrónica, Universidad de Guadalajara, CUCEI, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. erik.cuevas@cucei.udg.mx, noah55mx@gmail.com

 

Article received on 01/10/2011
Accepted on 26/11/2012

 

Resumen

Métodos tradicionales de procesamiento de imagen presentan diferentes dificultades al momento de ser usados en imágenes que poseen ruido considerable y distorsiones. Bajo tales condiciones, el uso de técnicas de optimización se ha extendido en los últimos años. En este artículo se explora el uso del algoritmo de Búsqueda Armónica (BA) para el procesamiento digital de imágenes. BA es un algoritmo metaheurístico inspirado en la manera en que músicos buscan la armonía óptima en la composición musical, el cual ha sido empleado exitosamente para resolver problemas complejos de optimización. En este artículo se presenta dos problemas representativos del área de procesamiento digital de imágenes, como lo son: la detección de círculos y la estimación de movimiento, los cuales son planteados desde el punto de vista de optimización. Considerando este enfoque, en la detección de círculos se utiliza una combinación de tres puntos borde para codificar círculos candidatos. Utilizando las evaluaciones de una función objetivo (que determina si tales círculos están presentes en la imagen) el algoritmo de BA realiza una exploración eficiente hasta encontrar el circulo que mejor se aproxime a aquel contenido en la imagen (armonía óptima). Por otro lado, en la estimación de movimiento se utiliza el algoritmo de BA para encontrar el vector de movimiento que minimice la suma de diferencias absolutas entre bloques de dos imágenes consecutivas. Resultados experimentales muestran que las soluciones generadas son capaces de resolver adecuadamente los problemas planteados.

Palabras clave: Búsqueda armónica, detección de círculos, comparación de bloques, algoritmos meta-heurísticos, procesamiento digital de imágenes.

 

Abstract

Classical methods often face big difficulties in solving image processing problems when images contain noise and distortions. For such images, the use of optimization approaches has been extended. This paper explores application of the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm to digital image processing. HS is a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm inspired by musicians improvising new harmonies while performing. In this paper, we consider two tasks as examples: circle detection and motion estimation, both issues are approached as optimization problems. In such approach, circle detection uses a combination of three edge points as parameters to construct candidate circles. A matching function determines if such candidate circles are actually present in a given image. In motion estimation, the HS algorithm is used to find a motion vector that minimizes the sum of absolute differences between two consecutive images. Experimental results show that the generated solutions are able to properly solve the problems under consideration.

Keywords: Harmony search, circle detection, block matching, meta-heuristics algorithms, digital image processing.

 

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