Resumen

ROCHA NAVARRO, Miriam Lucía; SERRANO REYES, Sanjuana; FAJARDO ARAUJO, Martha Eugenia  y  SERVIN ZAVALA, Víctor Hugo Giovani. Prevalence and degree of gingivitis relationship with microbial plaque in children. Nova scientia [online]. 2014, vol.6, n.12, pp.190-218. ISSN 2007-0705.

Introduction: Periodontal diseases are common in children and adolescents, and some are quickly destructive. The international consensus of Periodontology of 1999, in force until today, included the gingivitis as part of the PDs. This study focused on the plaque-induced gingivitis. Previous studies reported similar rates of prevalence in children Nigerians, Poles and Tanzanians of about 54.4%. But Oh TJ et al. found a 70% presence in American children. In Mexico, there is a wide discrepacia in prevalence ranging from 20.6% - 91.3%. Method: Observational, transversal and descriptive study of children who attended the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the Universidad de la Salle Bajio, A. C. We reviewed a total of 545 children, of whom 350 were recruited children with gingivitis between 3-14 years old, both sexes, systemically classified as type I and II without disabilities. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Parents of children enrolled signed a Letter of Informed Consent. Children answered a systemic health and a dental hygiene questionnaire. Also, a clinical, periodontal and control dental plaque were carried out. As well the parents answered a questionnaire and preventive health habits. We used descriptive statistics, X² and multiple correlation. Results: The children had a prevalence of 64.2%, with a median grade I of gingivitis, however, showed a tendency to increase the degree of this, as was older child, and an increase in the presence of dental plaque according to O'Leary index. No differences in the degree of gingivitis between sexes. Conclusion: The gingival index in the studied children's was grade I, which is considered mild and it is independent of sex. Children tend to imitate the oral health habits of their parents, so it should also reinforce preventive oral habits in them, making children observe these positive behaviors and apply them for the benefit of his health.

Palabras llave : Prevalence; gingivitis; children; dental plaque; gingival index.