Resumen

INIGUEZ COVARRUBIAS, Mauro et al. Methodological analysis of the spatial distribution of rainfall and the average daily stimation. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2011, vol.2, n.1, pp.57-69. ISSN 2007-0934.

The aim of the study was to show a geostatistical methodological analysis to create a spatial pattern of rain, related to average daily rainfall. Defining and knowing the spatial distribution of rainfall, also known as the "storm field" and related to a distribution model, or replacing it to an average rainfall using conventional methods, is an important challenge in the study of water science. The methodology suggested requires the construction of a variogram, created by adjusting experimental data of a storm field, which serves as a base to generate the spatial distribution of rain using the geostatistical method of "Kriging". This helps determine the daily average rainfall of a watershed. Results show that it is possible to obtain a function that relates average rainfall with the storm field, using parameters α and β of the variogram, adjusted to a spherical model. To validate the application of the methodology, several events were analyzed. Here we present two rainfall events observed in the basin of rivers Juchipila and Calvillo, between the states of Aguascalientes and Zacatecas. Results show a single relation between average daily rainfall and spatial distribution, represented by the storm field. It was also found that the optimum value of the function is minimal when comparing it to results obtained using four conventional methods: arithmetical average, Thiessen diagrams, isohyet method and linear Kriging method.

Palabras llave : average rainfall; Kriging; Thiessen diagrams; variogram.