Resumen

CERDA-HURTADO, Ivón Montserrat et al. Genetic variability of Mexican avocado race using in vitro culture. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.1, pp.243-250. ISSN 2007-0934.

Leaf explants of Persea americana Mill. var. drymifolia were established on DCR medium (Gupta and Durzan, 1985) supplemented with vitamins and growth regulators to produce callus, two sub cultures were made in intervals of 30 to 45 days between them. In order to determine the genetic variability 341 AFLP (amplified fragment lenght polymorphism) polymorphism with 10 primer combinations were generated, 94 samples were analyzed: the mother plant, 31 calluses, 31 calluses from the first sub culture and 31 calluses from the second sub culture. Polymorphic information content (PIC) was determined by primer combination and the genetic distance between samples was calculated for the cluster analysis. Genetic diversity between the mother plant, calluses and calluses of the two sub cultures were obtained and the analysis of molecular variance was performed. The PIC values indicated that the primer combinations were adequate to estimate the genetic variability of calluses. In the cluster analysis, the mother plant showed distances of 0.63 to 0.7 in regard to their calluses, distances of 0.78 - 0.99 were obtained between calluses and calluses of the two sub cultures. Genetic diversity showed significant differences, analysis of molecular variance demonstrated genetic variability between the mother plant, calluses and calluses of the two sub cultures as well as within the calluses, calluses of the first sub culture and calluses of the second sub culture. The results indicated that genetic variability can occur in any sub culture. Due to genetic variability presented in callus clones were not considered.

Palabras llave : Persea americana Mill. var. drymifolia; AFLP; callus culture; somaclonal variation.