Resumen

VALDEZ-AGUILAR, Luis A.; HERNANDEZ-PEREZ, Armando; ALVARADO-CAMARILLO, Daniela  y  CRUZ-ALTUNAR, Ángel. Design of a fertilization program for chrysanthemum based on extraction of macronutrients. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.spe12, pp.2263-2276. ISSN 2007-0934.

Studies on nutrient extraction allow establishing the basis to adjust fertilization to crop cycle, optimizing inputs. In the present study macronutrients extraction was modeled for chrysanthemum. Biomass accumulation increased from the start of short days, with a similar pattern in the extraction of N, P, K, Ca and Mg; however, this was much higher during the flowering stage. At the start of short days, there was greater extraction of N and K than P, Ca and Mg, whereas in the flowering stage, extraction of P, Ca and Mg increased. The greatest accumulation of N and K was in the last 30 days of the cycle, but for P, Ca and Mg this was in the last 15 days. Most of the absorbed nutrients accumulated in stems and leaves, followed by inflorescence and root. The nutritional requirements at the start of short days was: K ≈ N ˃ P> Ca ≈Mg while in the development phase of inflorescence was: N ≈ K ˃ P> Ca> Mg. Considering an efficiency of 50%, 40%, 80%, 75% and 75% in the use of N, P, K, Ca and Mg, respectively, and a population density of 69 plants m-2, total nutrient demand in Chrysanthemum is 40.25 g m-2 N, 17.44 g m-2 P, 19.2 g m-2 K, 5.01 g m-2 Ca and 4.4 g m-2 Mg.

Palabras llave : efficient use of fertilizers; extraction curves; mineral nutrition ornamental; sustainable agriculture.