Resumen

HERNANDEZ MARTINEZ, Rosendo et al. Genetic potential for yield and heterosis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) lines. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.2, pp.349-362. ISSN 2007-0934.

The tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables worldwide both fresh and in industrial processes. However, in Mexico yields in open field and greenhouse they are generally low. To increase performance requires, among other things, make assessments of the genetic effects on varieties and hybrids. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic effects and to identify genotypes with yield potential in eight varieties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and their 28 hybrids F1. Crosses were produced in a greenhouse at the Autonomous University Agraria Antonio Narro (UAAAN) in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico, during the cycle (A-W 2011) and evaluated in an experimental batch of the same university in the cycle (S-S 2012) under an experimental design of randomized complete blocks with three replications. Significance was observed (p≤ 0.01 and p≤ 0.05) in the sources of variation of genotypes, varieties, heterosis, average heterosis, varietal heterosis and specific heterosis in most of the variables under study. Varieties IR9 and IR13 showed the greatest effect of ACG and hybrid IR14*D6, IR13*D4 and D4*D3 showed high ACE for performance and consequently higher yields, exceeding 100 t ha-1 in the open. Varieties and crosses with greater additive effects (ACG) and non-additive (ACE) with respect to performance, could be used in a breeding program, where the additive action can be handled under a scheme of recurrent selection and no -aditiva by hybridization.

Palabras llave : Solanum lycopersicum L.; combining ability; diallel crosses; heterosis; hybrids.