Resumen

ROMERO-ORAN, Edith Sonia; AQUINO-MARTINEZ, Jesús Gaudencio; RAMIREZ-DAVILA, José Francisco  y  GUTIERREZ-IBANEZ, Ana Tarín. Biocontrol in vitro Uromyces transversalis (Thümen) G. Winter (uredinales: puccinaceae) with antagonistic fungi. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.7, pp.1639-1649. ISSN 2007-0934.

The rust [ Uromyces transversalis (Thümen) G. Winter], is a disease that affects the yield and quality of gladiolus flower in the State of Mexico and fought with synthetic fungicides. Therefore, biocontrol efficacy was evaluated in vitro of U. transversalis with antagonistic fungi, also plantations floricultural area monitored entity, to determine the severity of the disease. The antagonistic activity evaluated in laboratory conditions was performed on leaf sections of gladiolus with rust pustules from five municipalities (Villa Guerrero, Zumpahuacán, Malinalco, Jocotitlán and Ixtlahuaca), cuts that were sprinkles two concentrations of conidia (600 and 300 mL of UFC) six strains of fungi; Cladosporium sp. (ClGl), Alternaria sp. (AltGl), Aspergillus sp. (AspGl) and Trichoderma sp. (TrZA, TrJi and TrPi), with three replications, under a completely randomized experimental design. The isolates TrPi (60 8.0X106 ml-1 UFC), TrZA (371.2X106 ml-1 UFC) and AltGl (470.4X106 ml-1 UFC), showed significant differences with greater colonization of pustules. The mode of action of antagonistic strains was by hyperparasitism causing swelling, degradation and deformation of uredinia and urediospores. The municipality highest percentage of infection was 88.3% Malinalco with, and officially reported to Ixtlahuaca and Jocotitlan as cross rust infected municipalities. The best isolates will be evaluated in field and greenhouse, to be implemented in an integrated management program cross gladiolus rust and promote biocontrol of pathogens.

Palabras llave : Uromyces transversalis; disease; parasitism; severity.