Resumen

AYALA ARIAS, Brenda et al. Morphological characterization of manzano pepper hybrids. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.4, pp.825-836. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v8i4.10.

The manzano pepper (Capsicum pubescens R and P) cultivated in central México shows genetic variability that can be used in breeding programs. The purpose of this research was to evaluate two hybridization methods and to morphologically characterize F1 descendants of crosses between Manzano pepper morphotypes. The experiment was carried out from 2012 to 2013 in greenhouse with the parents identified as white flower (FB), purple flower-long internode (FML) and purple flower-short internode (FMC). They were hybridized by the “with corolla” and “without corolla” methods and the F1 was evaluated for fruit picking and morphological characterization. The results indicated that the protection of the hybridized flower affected fruit picking by more than 50%. There were no significant differences between direct or reciprocal crosses (t; p= 0.42), suggesting no maternal effects. The position of the style in both progenitors and hybrids was heteromorphic, with 70-90% at the anther level. The variants of the characters stem color, corolla color, filament color and style color were found in the FB progenitor and were recessive to the corresponding FML and FMC. The low plant size and smaller leaves present in the FB and FMC progenitors were dominant in the hybrids and negatively and significantly affected fruit yield and heterosis. The results suggest additional strategies for genetic improvement in hybrids such as selection of segregants and backcrosses that would improve fruit size.

Palabras llave : Capsicum pubescens; hybridization; genetic variation; morphotypes.