Background:

The available information on the genus Agaricus in Mexico is dispersed in numerous publications. This work constitutes the second revision of the genus in Mexico.

Objectives:

To update the knowledge of Agaricus genus, its uses, habitat and distribution as well as the nomenclatural review of each name. In addition, a key for the recognition of subgenera and sections present in Mexico is provided.

Methods:

An exhaustive bibliographic review of the mycological literature was carried out. For the nomenclatural review, the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature in force were applied.

Results and conclusion:

In total, 53 nomenclaturally validly published names were catalogued distributed across 28 states. Five species have been originally described from the country: Agaricus guzmanii, A. tephrolepidus (described also from Dominican Republic), A. tlaxcalensis, A. tollocanensis and A. xuchilensis. Agaricus sylvaticus was the most widely distributed species (21 states). Veracruz state showed the highest diversity (22 species). The highest diversity was recorded in the cloud forest (18 species). Mexico possesses approximately 10 % of the worldwide genus diversity which is low considering the high diversity in adjacent countries, therefore, efforts to know the real diversity of the genus in Mexico should be made.