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JEL Classification: Q20, Q26, Q30
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Investigación económica
versión impresa ISSN 0185-1667
Inv. Econ vol.62 no.242 Ciudad de México oct./dic. 2002
Artículos
Tres metodologías para evaluar la su sustentabilidad: 10 años después de Río*
Three methodologies to evaluate sustainability
**Profesor de la Facultad de Economía, UNAM e investigadores del Instituto Mexica del Petróleo, e-mail: americo@servidor.unam.mx; abarrera@imp.mx
En este trabajo se presentan y analizan tres propuestas teórico-metodológicas que se emplean tanto a nivel regional como nacional e internacional para la medición de la sustentabilidad. Estas metodologías surgieron a partir de la Cumbre de la Tierra celebrada en Río de Janeiro, Brasil el año de 1992. Estas son: el Índice de Desarrollo Sustentable (IDS); el Barómetro de Sustenibilidad (BS) y el Environmental Sustainable Index (ESI).
De este estudio se concluye que no existe una metodología única y que todas y cada una de ellas, sin ser infalibles, tienen sus propios méritos, variando en términos de su nivel de acercamiento, de precisión sobre el problema en estudio, así como por su mayor o menor grado de complejidad. Sin duda una de las aportaciones y objetivos de este trabajo es ilustrar y coadyuvar en la manera de cómo medir los logros y desempeños de las políticas centradas en los graves problemas medioambientales, al mismo tiempo que a identificar los rezagos.
This paper presents and analyses three theoretical-methodological proposals which are used at a regional, national and international level to study sustainability. These methodologies, which arose as a result of the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, are the following: the Sustainable Development Index (SDI); the Barometer of Sustainability (BS) and the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI). The deficiency of all these methods might well be that, while they measure and stress the sustainability state or level according to their own theoretical premises, they do not set up either anthropogenic activity nor economic growth limits in a way that acknowledges and respects the thresholds and capacities of ecosystems. From this survey it is concluded that there is no such thing as a unique methodology and that they all, though fallible, count because of their own merits.
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Recibido: Agosto de 2001; Aprobado: Mayo de 2002
Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons
