Resumen

LUMBRERAS, José Alberto et al. Synthesis and characterization of vanadium nitrides and carbides. Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient [online]. 2008, vol.24, n.1, pp.13-19. ISSN 0188-4999.

Two vanadium carbides catalysts (CV-a and CV-A) were prepared using two carburation gas mixture flows (660 and 8 mL/min, respectively) and a vanadium nitride (NV) catalyst was also prepared with a 660 mL/min of NH₃ flow. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, n-butylamine potentiometric titration techniques and their acid and catalytic properties were tested in 2-propanol dehydration, hydrodesulphurization of thiophene and a heavy gas oil. Heavy gas oil hydrodesulphurization was carried out with the vanadium carbide prepared at 660 mL/min of carburation gas mixture and with the vanadium nitride catalysts. Results obtained in 2-propanol dehydration indicate that both vanadium carbides have acid properties with the prevalence of weak acid sites, while the vanadium nitrides have acid-base properties. In the thiophene hydrodesulphurization, the vanadium carbide prepared with 8 mL/min of CH4/H2 gas mixture was the most active catalysts, this catalyst shows a crystalline phase mixture. In the gas oil hydrodesulphurization the vanadium carbide "CV-a" was more active than the vanadium nitride, with a 40 wt % of sulphur remotion and a 51 wt % of nitrogen remotion.

Palabras llave : vanadium carbides; vanadium nitrides; 2 propanol dehydration; thiophene HDS; heavy gas oil HDS.