Resumen

VALLE-SANDOVAL, MR; MASCORRO-GALLARDO, JO; GIL-VAZQUEZ, I  y  LTURRIAGA-DE LA FUENTE, G. Direct in vitro regeneration of the chrysanthemum, Dendranthema X grandiflorum Kitam, from stem segments. Universidad y ciencia [online]. 2008, vol.24, n.3, pp.219-227. ISSN 0186-2979.

An efficient in vitro regeneration system is required in order to be able to apply modern biotechnology to breeding programmes. A protocol that was effective and reproducible with respect to the number of shoots per explant, was developed for regeneration by direct organogenesis for the two chrysanthemum varieties Indianapolis and Texana (Dendranthema X grandiflorum Kitam) that are commercially important in the region of Texcoco, state of Mexico. The effects of the type of explant (leaf or stem), of different levels and combinations of the auxins naftalenacetic acid (ANA) and indolacetic acid (IAA), and of the cytokinin benzylaminopurine (BAP) were evaluated. The Indianapolis variety grew a greater percentage of shoots per explant in the Murashige Skoog medium (MS) with 2 mg L^-1 BAP and 1 mg L^-1 IAA, while the Texana variety required 3 mg L^-1 of BAP and 1.8 mg L^-1 of IAA. In both varieties the lengthening of the shoots and the induction of the roots were obtained in the MS medium with 100 and 50% of the salts and without hormones.

Palabras llave : Dendranthema X grandiflorum; in vitro culture; regeneration of plants; organogenesis.