Resumen

PEREZ NAVARRO, Camila  y  TORO BLANCO, Pablo. Civilization and Reform of the Chilean Rural School: Approaches Based on the Work of Amanda Labarca (1934-1936). En-clav. pen [online]. 2024, vol.18, n.35, e644.  Epub 11-Mar-2024. ISSN 2594-1100.  https://doi.org/10.46530/ecdp.v0i35.644.

Amanda Labarca’s contribution to Chilean educational, social, and political history has been studied from different perspectives. However, only some works have addressed the vision of this teacher and intellectual regarding the need to reform rural education. For this reason, this article aims to analyze Labarca’s proposal for the education of the peasant population, developed during the 1930s, from the perspective of ruralist pedagogy. We state that Labarca was part of a group of rural educators who promoted the design and implementation of specific actions for the peasant environment. To demonstrate the rural character of Labarca’s proposal, we mainly analyze her writings, such as the Guías didácticas and the book Mejoramiento de la vida campesina. In addition, we examine her texts published in the famous magazine with a Latin American vocation, Repertorio Americano. First, we will describe Labarca’s approaches to the peasant question. Secondly, we will analyze her role in setting up an educational policy for rural schools during the second government of Arturo Alessandri Palma (1932-1938). Subsequently, we will study Labarca’s proposal to consider the Mexican and American cases as reference countries in implementing a specific policy for the peasant population. Finally, we offer some conclusions about Labarca’s proposal and its incorporation into the educational policy of radical governments.

Palabras llave : Amanda Labarca; rural education; rural schools; reform; Chile.