Resumo

RAMIREZ RODRIGUEZ, Rodolfo. The Agricultural Specialization of the Llanos de Apan Region. The Emergence of the Cultivation of Maguey of Aguamiel (16th-18th Centuries). Estud. hist. novohisp [online]. 2021, n.64, pp.41-81.  Epub 06-Jun-2022. ISSN 2448-6922.  https://doi.org/10.22201/iih.24486922e.2021.64.72022.

The environmental impact in the region called Llanos de Apan, which is part of the Basin of Mexico, has an interesting history as the environment was transformed from an old lake basin to a plateau where European livestock and agriculture would develop after the Hispanic Conquest, and then the cultivation of a native plant exploited for commercial purposes would intensify. After the demographic collapse and the initial expropriation of land from the natives, the cultivation of maguey and mead was planned in this region, which was exploited to obtain a fermented drink known as pulque. It was initially controlled by the Jesuit order and later by a dominant group of Spanish businessmen; from the eighteenth century, some people with titles of nobility and ancestry of future Creoles, would be the ones who would consolidate the productive unit known as the pulquera hacienda and would build a distinctive landscape of Mexico.

Palavras-chave : agave; pulque; haciendas; high plains Apan; pulque aristocracy.