Resumo

ALCAZAR, Jorge. Del texto a los contextos. Acta poét [online]. 2008, vol.29, n.2, pp.311-328. ISSN 2448-735X.

This article traces, by means of wide strokes, the shift of conceptual paradigms in twentieth century literary theory. An attempt is made to show how essentialist approaches, such as early Russian formalism and American new criticism, sought to offer explanatory models through concepts like literariness or irony. We also look at the theoretical impact generated by linguistics in the domain of literary studies, especially in French structuralism. The last part of the essay concentrates on alternative models -like Bakhtinian dialogism, new historicism and reception theory, among others- which widened the possibilities to conceive and understand how imaginative literature works.

Palavras-chave : teoría literaria; formalismo ruso; new criticism; dialogismo bajtiniano; estética de la recepción.