Resumo

CALDERON VILLARREAL, Cuauhtémoc; SANCHEZ LEON, Sarahí  e  HERNANDEZ BIELMA, Leticia. The commercial opening and its impact on income in North America: Benefit or regression?. Contad. Adm [online]. 2018, vol.63, n.4. ISSN 0186-1042.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fca.24488410e.2018.1275.

In this article, we analyze the relationship between bilateral trade and per capita income of the three countries that make up the economic area of NAFTA, a dualist treaty that integrates countries with different levels of economic development. Current literature defines this relationship ambiguously; which is why we consider that it is necessary to accurately measure the impact of bilateral trade on the evolution of per capita income in the three countries. For this purpose, we will apply the “instrumental variables” methodology developed by Frankel J. and D. Romer (1999) which utilizes measures related to the geographic component of the trade in order to construct instrumental variables that allow us to make this measurement. The results of the study show that for the study period 1994-2015 there is a negative relation between intra-NAFTA trade and per capita income of the countries in the area.

Palavras-chave : Economic growth; NAFTA; Economic Integration.