Resumo

POLANCO, NA. Tuberculosis in kidney transplantation. Med. interna Méx. [online]. 2017, vol.33, n.3, pp.372-380. ISSN 0186-4866.

The World Health Organization defines emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases as "that appeared in some population for the first time or have previously existed, but quickly increase the incidence in the geographical area". Tuberculosis (Tb) is one of the most deadly re-emerging diseases. The discovery of isoniazid and other drugs initially led to the effective cure of Tb, emptying and dismantling sanatoriums control systems of Public Health in developed countries; its reemergence has been driven by immune deficiencies of people with HIV, which greatly increased the risk of latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis progressing to active disease and is transmitted to others; the inappropriate use of antituberculosis therapy also complicates the problem, leading to the emergence and spread of drug-resistant and multidrug-resistant strains. Although Tb can affect all people, regardless of their social status, there are risk groups such as chronically immunosuppressed, being transplanted kidney "the forgotten group" by the need for drug therapy to prevent and treat rejection of their grafts, they live predisposed to infection with catastrophic natural evolution outside not be diagnosed and treated early, and the fact of facilitating the re-emergence and persistence of the disease as endemic in Mexico.

Palavras-chave : tuberculosis; kidney transplantation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.