Resumo

GONZALEZ CAMACHO, Giovani; NAVA BERNAL, Gabino; ARTEAGA REYES, Tizbe Teresa  e  GARCIA FAJARDO, Belina. Analysis of the soil conservation program in the flora and fauna Nevado de Toluca protection area. Invest. Geog [online]. 2020, n.102, e59998.  Epub 09-Mar-2021. ISSN 2448-7279.  https://doi.org/10.14350/rig.59998.

Abstract. Forest soil degradation is a problem that the Mexican government has addressed in recent years through the implementation of targeted forest restoration programs; however, there is limited information on how this implementation process has been at the local level. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the implementation of the soil conservation program in the agrarian nuclei of the Nevado de Toluca Flora and Fauna Protection Area (APFFNT), as well as the perception that these ejidos and communities have about said Program. The analysis methods used were spatial statistics and the assessment focused on the subjective perception of the participants. The results show the formation of a spatial cluster of agrarian nuclei with the largest amount assigned around the APFFNT core zone, with the variable surface area of the agrarian nucleus having the highest relationship with the amount assigned above the level of erosion. The perception analysis of the agrarian nuclei indicates that the most serious problem of soil degradation is the decrease in fertility, that the lowest levels of participation of the agrarian nuclei are at the beginning of the program and that the lowest impacts of the project are the low participation of indigenous groups, the low reduction of labor migration and the low infiltration of water from the works. In conclusion, the aspects that must be restructured are: include actions aimed at the most eroded areas (agricultural areas adjacent to the forest), consider the degree of erosion in the allocation of amounts, generate strategies to attack the causes of degradation and implement actions that raise the participation of the agrarian nuclei.

Palavras-chave : soil conservation; erosion; environmental programs; agrarian nuclei; Nevado de Toluca.