Serviços Personalizados
Journal
Artigo
Indicadores
-
Citado por SciELO
-
Acessos
Links relacionados
-
Similares em SciELO
Compartilhar
Hidrobiológica
versão impressa ISSN 0188-8897
Hidrobiológica vol.19 no.2 Ciudad de México Mai./Ago. 2009
Artículos
Shallow water hippolytid shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the Mexican Caribbean coast
Camarones hipolítidos (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) de aguas someras de la costa del Caribe mexicano
Ramiro RománContreras* and Mario MartínezMayén
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Laboratorio de Carcinoparasitología, Apartado Postal 70305, México, D. F. 04510, México *Email: rokon@cmarl.unam.mx
Recibido: 20 de junio de 2008.
Aceptado: 15 de junio de 2009.
ABSTRACT
A checklist of shallow water shrimps of the family Hippolytidae of the centralsouthern coast of the Mexican Caribbean is presented. A total of 11 species belonging to 6 genera were collected on beds of Thalassia testudinum in Bahía de la Ascensión, Bahía del Espíritu Santo, and the Mahahual reef lagoon, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Genera Hippolyte and Thor were the most diverse with three species each. An updated geographic distribution along the western Atlantic and other regions is provided for all the species. Outside of the Caribbean province, greatest affinity of the hippolytid fauna is with the Virginian, Carolinian, Texan, and Brazilian provinces. New regional records are given and the occurrence of Hippolyte pleuracanthus is cited for the first time in the Mexican Caribbean.
Key words: Hippolytidae, Decapoda, Caridea, Mexican Caribbean.
RESUMEN
Se presenta un listado de los camarones de la familia Hippolytidae de las aguas someras de la costa centrosur del Caribe Mexicano. Once especies pertenecientes a seis géneros fueron colectadas en praderas marinas de Thalassia testudinum en Bahía de la Ascensión, Bahía del Espíritu Santo y la laguna arrecifal de Mahahual, Quintana Roo, México. Los géneros Hippolyte y Thor fueron los más diversos con tres especies cada uno. Se proporcionan datos de distribución geográfica para todas las especies en la costa del Atlántico americano así como para otras regiones biogeográficas. Además de la provincia Caribeña, la fauna hipolítida recolectada presenta alta afinidad con las de otras provincias zoogeográficas como la Virginiana, la Caroliniana, la Texana y la Brasileña. Se proporcionan nuevos registros locales para las especies y se cita por primera vez la presencia de Hippolyte pleuracanthus en el Caribe mexicano.
Palabras clave: Hippolytidae, Decapoda, Caridea, Caribe mexicano.
INTRODUCTION
Crustaceans of the family Hippolytidae are diverse and abundant with more than 40 genera present in the world (Holthuis, 1993). These organisms are characterized by having the first two pairs of pereopods chelated, the first pair not much stronger than the other, the carpus of the second pair subdivided, eyes developed and not covered by the carapace, and the mandibles deeply clefted Crustaceans of the family Hippolytidae are diverse and abundant (Williams, 1984). Hippolytids are common dwellers of algae, sea grasses, gorgonians, sea anemones, holes, caves, muddy substrates, and other near shore areas, but also dwell within deeper zones of the continental shelf and slope (Wicksten, 1990, 2005b).
Knowledge of hippolytid shrimps in the Caribbean Sea has focused mainly on aspects of their taxonomy and distribution. The most complete work was performed by Chace (1972) who cited 26 species for the Caribbean. Markham et al. (1990) and BrionesFourzán and LozanoÁlvarez (2002) published lists of the decapod crustaceans that inhabit the shallow waters of the Mexican Caribbean, including the hippolytids, and provided new records for the area. The deep water caridean shrimps have been studied by EscobarBriones and VillalobosHiriart (2003), who registered 4 species and 3 new bathymetric records for this group.
Despite the aforementioned, few are the carcinological published works on the Mexican Caribbean area, for this reason, the need to generate more studies for this and other groups of crustaceans in this region is a current issue. The objective of the present contribution is to provide a checklist of the hippolytid shrimps collected in seagrass beds of Thalassia testudinum König, along the centralsouthern coast of the state of Quintana Roo, Mexican Caribbean. We describe the findings obtained during this study, including a new record in the area.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Sampling took place in different stations of Bahía de la Ascensión (19°30'19°50' N, 87°25'87°50' W), Bahía del Espíritu Santo (19°12'19°25' N, 87°41' W), and the Mahahual reef lagoon (18°43'11" N, 87°42'19" W) along the centralsouthern coast of Quintana Roo, Mexico. The specimens were collected with a ColmanSeagrove sledge net with a 800µm mesh size in meadows of T. testudinum at depths between 0.4 to 1.5 m. The collected crustaceans were fixed with 10% formaldehyde immediately after sampling and were later preserved in 70% ethanol. The substrate included sandymud and sandyrock in both bays, and sand in the Mahahual reef lagoon. Detailed information on the study area was obtained from Suárez and Gasca (1994), Castellanos Osorio and SuárezMorales (1997), and SuárezMorales & Rivera Arriaga (1998).
The list of species here included follows the classification proposed by Martin and Davies (2001) and is ordered alphabetically. Restricted synonymies, typelocality, material examined, habitat, previous Mexican Caribbean records, and geographic range are cited for each species. In some cases, remarks about taxonomic aspects are given. The number of individuals and collection date for each locality are also reported. Synonymies are based on the original descriptions, classic monographs, and recent literature. The geographic distribution of the species in the American provinces follows Boschi (2000). All specimens are deposited in the collection of the authors' laboratory at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).
RESULTS
A total of 71,973 hippolytid shrimps corresponding to eleven species and six genera were examined throughout the study. The genera Hippolyte and Thor were the most diverse with three species each (Table 1).
Hippolyte obliquimanus Dana, 1852
References: Hippolyte obliquimanus: d'Udekem d'Acoz, 1997: 470475 (synonymy and description), figs. 12; RodríguezAlmaraz et al., 2000: 863; Wicksten, 2005b: 112, fig. 12.
References: Hippolyte curacaoensis: Chace, 1972: 111, figs. 4445; Williams, 1984: 117, fig. 81; HernándezAguilera et al., 1996: 39; Christoffersen, 1998: 355; GarcíaMadrigal et al., 2002: 146; Wehrtmann & Vargas, 2003: 270.
References: Hippolyte obliquimana: Coelho & Ramos, 1972: 152.
Typelocality: Rio de Janeiro.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Listed as H. curacaoensis by GarcíaMadrigal et al. (2002) for the area (locality unspecificed).
Distribution: Beaufort and Sneads Ferry, North Carolina (Williams, 1984) to Jim Island, Indian River, Florida (d'Udekem d'Acoz, 1997); from Veracruz state, Gulf of Mexico (Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996) to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1998). West Indies, from Cuba to Tobago and Curaçao (Chace, 1972).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 61 specimens, May 2002; 16 specimens, Jan 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 20 specimens, May 2001; Mahahual reef lagoon, 187 specimens, July 1997; 499 specimens, November 1998. Collected on mud bottoms with T. testudinum close to mangrove zones, 0.4 to 1.5 m depth. First record in these localities.
Habitat: On sand and mud flats (Chace, 1972), frequently associated with marine seagrasses and algae in shallow waters (d'Udekem d'Acoz, 1997).
Hippolyte pleuracanthus (Stimpson, 1871)
References: Hippolyte pleuracanthus: Chace, 1972: 118, fig. 48; Gore et al., 1981: 490; Williams, 1984: 117, fig. 82; MartínezIglesias, 1986: 14, fig. 7; RománContreras, 1988: 314; MartínezIglesias et al., 1996: 36; Eckrich & Holmquist, 2000: 204; Varela et al., 2003: 75; Wicksten, 2005b: 116.
Typelocality: Norfolk Harbor, Virginia, and Somers Point, Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey.
Previous records: First record for the study area.
Distribution: Connecticut (Chace, 1972) to Florida (Gore et al., 1981). Cuba (MartínezIglesias, 1986; Varela et al., 2003) and Puerto Rico (Eckrich & Holmquist, 2000).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 9024 specimens, May 2002; 6686 specimens, January 2003; Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 30 specimens, May 2001; 2 specimens, November 2001; Mahahual reef lagoon, 94 specimens, July 1997. On sand and muddy substrate with T. testudinum, 0.40 to 0.80 m depth.
Habitat: Species reported abundant in beds of Zostera, Diplanthera (Williams, 1984) and bottoms covered with T. testudinum (RománContreras, 1988); down to 5.0 m depth (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996).
Hippolyte zostericola (Smith, 1873)
References: Hippolyte zostericola: Chace, 1972: 118, figs. 4950; FaustoFilho, 1975: 79; Markham & McDermott, 1980: 1270; Rodríguez, 1980: 167, fig. 46; Williams, 1984: 118, fig. 83; RománContreras, 1988: 314; Wicksten, 1989: 644645; Markham & DonathHernández, 1990: 245; Lemaitre & Álvarez León, 1992: 43; Christoffersen, 1998: 355; Zupo & Nelson, 1999: 181; RománContreras & RomeroRodríguez, 2005: 83; Wicksten, 2005b: 114, fig. 13, pl. 2, fig. B.
Typelocality: Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Bahía de la Ascensión (Chace, 1972; Markham & DonathHernández, 1990).
Distribution: Massachusetts (Chace, 1972) to Florida (Zupo & Nelson, 1999), along the Gulf of Mexico from Redfish Bay, Texas (Wicksten, 2005b) to Laguna de Términos, Campeche, Mexico (RománContreras, 1988; RománContreras & RomeroRodríguez, 2005), and to Ceará, Brazil (FaustoFilho, 1975). Bermuda (Markham & McDermott, 1980) to Trinidad and Curaçao (Chace, 1972). Also present in the eastern Pacific: San Antonio, Municipio de Robles, Tumaco, western Colombia (Wicksten, 1989; Lemaitre & Álvarez León, 1992).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 6030 specimens, May, 2002; 3341 specimens, Jan 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 2277 specimens, May 2001; 154 specimens, Nov 2001. Mahahual reef lagoon, 1966 specimens, Jul 1997; 3 specimens, Nov 1998. All found on soft sediments, mud and shellysand substrates with T. testudinum, 0.50 to 1.5 m depth. First record in Bahía del Espíritu Santo and Mahahual reef lagoon.
Habitat: Abundant on beds of T. testudinum, Halodule wrightii Asch. and Syringodium filiforme Kützing (RománContreras, 1988; Zupo & Nelson, 1999); sublittoral (Chace, 1972).
Latreutes fucorum (Fabricius, 1798)
References: Latreutes fucorum: Chace, 1972: 121; Coelho & Ramos, 1972: 152; Carvacho, 1979: 465; Markham & McDermott, 1980: 1270; Williams, 1984: 119, fig. 84; RománContreras, 1988: 314; Markham et al., 1990: 422; MartínezIglesias et al., 1996: 37; Christoffersen, 1998: 355; RodríguezAlmaraz et al., 2000: 863; Wicksten, 2005b: 109, fig. 8; Cardoso, 2006: 1621, figs. 1114.
Typelocality: Floating gulfweed (locality unspecified).
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Puerto Morelos, Isla Cozumel, and Bahía de la Ascensión (Chace, 1972; Markham et al., 1990). First record in Bahía del Espíritu Santo and Mahahual reef lagoon.
Distribution: Newfoundland, Canada, to Bahía, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1998; Cardoso, 2006), includes the Gulf of Mexico (RománContreras, 1988; RodríguezAlmaraz et al., 2000). Bermuda (Markham & McDermott, 1980) and Cuba (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996) to Carriacou Island (Chace, 1972); also present in the eastern Atlantic from the Azores to Cape Verde Islands (Chace, 1972; Christoffersen, 1998).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 1097 specimens, May 2002; 750 specimens, Jan 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 39 specimens, May 2001; 125 specimens, Nov 2001. Mahahual reef lagoon, 7903 specimens, Jul 1997; 3984 specimens, Nov 1998. In mud sandy substrate with turtle grass, 0.4 to 1.5 m depth.
Habitat: Associated with floating Sargassum (Chace, 1972); on seagrass (Thalassia), on mangrove roots (Markham et al., 1990); between calcareous algae and beds of Halodule, in shallow water down to 50 m (Coelho & Ramos, 1972).
Latreutes parvulus (Stimpson, 1866)
References: Latreutes parvulus: Chace, 1972: 124; Coelho & Ramos, 1972: 153; Bowen et al., 1979: 252; Carvacho, 1979: 465; Christoffersen, 1982: 95; Williams, 1984: 120, fig. 85; Bauer, 1985: 152; RománContreras, 1988: 314; Markham et al., 1990: 422; MartínezIglesias et al., 1996: 37; Christoffersen, 1998: 355; RodríguezAlmaraz et al., 2000: 864; Wicksten, 2005b: 110, fig. 9.
Typelocality: St. Joseph Island, Texas.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Puerto Morelos (Markham et al., 1990) and Bahía del Espíritu Santo (Chace, 1972). New record in Bahía de la Ascensión and Mahahual reef lagoon.
Distribution: Between New Jersey and Virginia (Bowen et al., 1979); Gulf of Mexico (RománContreras, 1988; RodríguezAlmaraz et al., 2000) to Buenos Aires, Argentina (Christoffersen, 1982, 1998); West Indies from Cuba (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996) to Guadeloupe (Carvacho, 1979). In the eastern Atlantic, from Spanish Sahara to Congo coasts and Annobon Island (Christoffersen, 1982, 1998).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 230 specimens, May 2002; 83 specimens, January 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 16 specimens, May 2001; 27 specimens, November 2001. Mahahual reef lagoon, 91 specimens, July 1997; 10 specimens, November 1998. On mud and sand mixed with calcareous material, 0.50 to 1.50 m depth.
Habitat: Estuarine and marine waters, on mud, sand, clay, and shell fragments (Christoffersen, 1982); calcareous algae (Coelho & Ramos, 1972); among sponges and dead coral (Williams, 1984); on Halodule, Zostera (Christoffersen, 1982) and T. testudinum grass flats (Bauer, 1985); shallow water down to 124 m (Christoffersen, 1982).
Lysmata wurdemanni (Gibbes, 1850)
References: Lysmata wurdemanni: Chace, 1972: 129; Williams, 1984: 127, fig. 90; Markham et al., 1990: 422; Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996: 41; Wicksten, 2005b: 103, fig. 3, pl. 1, fig. A; Rhyne & Lin, 2006: 169, figs. 14, pls. 1A, 2.
Typelocality: Key West Lakes, Florida.
Material examined: Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 10 specimens, May 2001; 5 specimens, Nov 2001. Collected on sand substrate with turtle grass meadows, 0.70 to 1 m depth.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Puerto Morelos and Bahía de la Ascensión (Chace, 1972; Markham et al., 1990). First record in Bahía del Espíritu Santo.
Distribution: West coast of U.S.A. from Long Island, New York (Rhyne & Lin, 2006), to Brazos Santiago Pass, South Padre Island, Texas (Wicksten, 2005b); continental shelf of Campeche (20°50' 4''N, 91°28'12''W) southwestern Gulf of Mexico (Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996); Puerto Morelos to Bahía del Espíritu Santo, Quintana Roo, Mexico (Markham et al., 1990; present study).
Habitat: On rocky shores (Chace, 1972), stone jetties, and among sponges and hydroids, surface down to 37 m (Williams, 1984).
Remarks: This species was recently redescribed by Rhyne and Lin (2006), who restricted the southern geographical distribution of L. wurdemanni to Port Aransas, Texas. However, there are previous records from the southwestern Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Caribbean (see Chace, 1972; Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996). The specimens examined by us in the present study agree with Rhyne and Lin's (2006) species diagnosis in having a similar rostral formula; 2732 carpal segments in the second pereopod (one specimen has 34 segments); 3 or 4 spines on the flexor margin of third pereopod dactyli (one specimen with 5 spines); and the morphometrical ratio length and height of second antennular peduncle (1.251.66 in this material and 1.21.7 in Rhyne and Lin's specimens). The main variations observed were three blunt teeth in the right mandible of our specimens, a character not evident in figure 3B shown by Rhyne and Lin (2006) for L. wurdemanni; the morphometrical ratio between cephalothorax and dactylus length of the fifth pereopod in our material was 5.78 compared to 9.0 in that reported by Rhyne and Lin (2006). As most of the diagnostic species characters fit well with those of L. wurdemanni sensu Rhyne and Lin (2006), we conclude that the shrimps examined by us belong to this species.
Thor dobkini Chace, 1972
References: Thor dobkini Chace, 1972: 133135, fig. 57; Williams, 1984: 134, fig. 94; MartínezIglesias, 1986: 18, fig. 9A; RománContreras, 1988: 314; Markham et al., 1990: 423; Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996: 41; MartínezIglesias et al., 1996: 37; Wicksten, 2005b: 105, fig. 5; Coelho et al., 2006: 53.
Typelocality: Punta Rassa (near mouth of Caloosahatchee River), Lee County, Florida.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Markham et al. (1990) reported T. dobkini from Vigía Chico, Bahía de la Ascensión; also reported by Chace (1972) in the same bay.
Distribution: From Shackleford Banks, Beaufort, North Carolina to Louisiana (Chace, 1972); Isla Sacrificios, Veracruz (Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996) and Laguna de Términos, Campeche (RománContreras, 1988), southwestern Gulf of Mexico; Bahía de la Ascensión, Quintana Roo, Mexico (Chace, 1972; Markham et al., 1990) to Alagoas, Brazil (Coelho et al., 2006). Golfo de Batabanó and Archipiélago SabanaCamagüey, SW and NE of Cuba, respectively (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 73 specimens, May 2002; 209 specimens, Jan 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 4127 specimens, May 2001; 50 specimens, Nov 2001. In T. testudinum meadows with soft sediments, 0.60 to 1 m depth. First record in Bahía del Espíritu Santo.
Habitat: Mud and sand substrates with or without vegetation, rocky bottoms with sponges and corals (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996), in Sargassum (Markham et al., 1990); shallow water down to 19 m (Williams, 1984).
Thor floridanus Kingsley, 1878
References: Thor floridanus : Rathbun, 1902: 116; Chace, 1972: 136, fig. 58; Williams, 1984: 135, fig. 95; Abele & Kim, 1986: 22, 244, 245, figs. hj; Markham et al., 1990: 423; MartínezIglesias et al., 1996: 37; EscobarBriones & VillalobosHiriart, 2003: 112; Wehrtmann & Vargas, 2003: 272; Wicksten, 2005a 32; Wicksten, 2005b: 105, fig. 6.
Typelocality: Key West, Florida.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Cabo Catoche (Rathbun, 1902); Laguna Nichupté (Markham et al., 1990); Isla Mujeres, Isla Cozumel, and Bahía de la Ascensión (Chace, 1972); six miles south of Punta Herrero and westcentral side of Banco Chinchorro (EscobarBriones & VillalobosHiriart, 2003).
Distribution: Black Rocks off New River, North Carolina (Williams, 1984; EscobarBriones & VillalobosHiriart, 2003) to Florida (Abele & Kim, 1986); West Flower Garden Bank, Texas (Wicksten, 2005a), to Puerto Viejo, Limón, Costa Rica (Wehrtmann & Vargas, 2003); Archipiélago SabanaCamagüey, NE of Cuba (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 4751 specimens, May 2002; 2329 specimens, January 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 4543 specimens, May 2001; 847 specimens, November 2001. Mahahual reef lagoon, 763 specimens, July 1997. Collected in turtle grass meadows, 0.5 to 1.5 m depth. First report of the species in Bahía del Espíritu Santo and Mahahual reef lagoon.
Habitat: Sandy and muddy bottoms, with or without vegetation (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996), seagrass flats of Thalassia (Markham et al., 1990); reported down to 300 m (EscobarBriones & VillalobosHiriart, 2003).
Thor manningi Chace, 1972
References: Thor manningi Chace, 1972: 137, figs. 5961; Markham & McDermott, 1980: 1270; Rodríguez, 1980: 170, fig. 49; Criales, 1984: 314; Williams, 1984: 137, fig. 96; MartínezIglesias, 1986: 19, fig. 9B; Christoffersen, 1998: 354; Wicksten, 2005b: 107, fig. 7.
Typelocality: English Harbour, Antigua Island.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Bahía de la Ascensión and Bahía del Espíritu Santo, Quintana Roo (Chace, 1972). First record for Mahahual reef lagoon.
Distribution: Beaufort, North Carolina to Bahía del Espíritu Santo, Quintana Roo, Mexico (Chace, 1972); Paraíba to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1998); Bermuda (Markham & McDermott, 1980); in the Antilles recorded in Tobago and Curaçao (Chace, 1972).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 1413 specimens, May 2002; 365 specimens, Jan 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 482 specimens, May 2001; 34 specimens, Nov 2001. Mahahual reef lagoon, 1997 specimens, Jul 1997; 349 specimens, Nov 1998. In beds of Thalassia and sand mixed with broken shells, 0.5 to 1.5 m depth.
Habitat: Abundant on dead coral and grass flats, sometimes in association with anemones (Chace, 1972) and crinoids (Criales, 1984); sand and mud bottoms covered with T. testudinum (MartínezIglesias, 1986); shallow water down to 44 m (Chace, 1972).
Tozeuma carolinense Kingsley, 1878
References: Tozeuma carolinense: Chace, 1972: 141; Coelho & Ramos, 1972: 153; Rodríguez, 1980: 171, fig. 50; Markham & McDermott, 1980: 1270; Williams, 1984: 138, fig. 97; Markham et al., 1990: 423; Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996: 42; MartínezIglesias et al., 1996: 37; Christoffersen, 1998: 354; Wicksten 2005b: 111, fig. 10; pl. 2 fig. A.
Typelocality: Fort Macon, North Carolina.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Puerto Morelos and Isla Cozumel (Markham et al., 1990); Bahía de la Ascensión (Chace, 1972; Markham et al., 1990). First record for Bahía del Espíritu Santo and Mahahual reef lagoon.
Distribution: Vinyard Sound, Massachusetts (Williams, 1984) to Sao Paulo, Brazil (Christoffersen, 1998), included the Gulf of Mexico to Yucatán (Williams, 1984; Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996); Bermuda (Markham & McDermott, 1980); Cuba (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996) to Saint Lucia Island and Curaçao (Chace, 1972).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 307 specimens, May 2002; 1447 specimens, Jan 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 1724 specimens, May 2001; 496 specimens, Nov 2001. Mahahual reef lagoon, 566 specimens, Jul 1997; 142 specimens, Nov 1998. Associated to T. testudinum, at 1 m depth.
Habitat: On sandymud grass flats of T. testudinum (MartínezIglesias et al., 1996) and Sargassum (Markham et al., 1990); calcareous algae (Coelho & Ramos, 1972); shallow water down to 75 m (Chace, 1972).
Trachycaris rugosa (Bate, 1888)
References: Platybema rugosus Bate, 1888: 579, pl. 104, fig. 2.
References: Trachycaris rugosa: Criales, 1992: 562570, figs. 15; Cardoso, 2006: 26.
Typelocality: 18°38'30" N, 65°5'30" W; off Culebra Island, West Indies.
Previous Mexican Caribbean records: Cabo Catoche (Criales, 1992).
Distribution: South Carolina and Florida; Cabo Catoche, Quintana Roo, Mexico to Santa Marta, Colombia; from Cuba to Barbados, Antilles (Criales, 1992).
Material examined: Bahía de la Ascensión, 9 specimens, May 2002; 8 specimens Jan 2003. Bahía del Espíritu Santo, 2 specimens, May 2001; 1 specimen, Nov 2001. Mahahual reef lagoon, 174 specimens, Jul 1997; 5 specimens, Nov 1998. In meadows of T. testudinum and sandy bottom, 0.60 to 0.90 m depth. First record in these last localities.
Habitat: In rocks and coralline substrates (Criales, 1992); at ca. 713 m (Bate, 1888).
Remarks: The material examined herein agrees in general with Criales's (1992) description. The main differences observed in our specimens are the presence of one spine on the basal antennal peduncle instead of two, and the palp of the maxillula is distinctly bilobed.
DISCUSSION
The number of hippolytid species herein recorded is lower than that reported by Markham et al. (1990) (14 species) in the Caribbean coast of Quintana Roo. This is explained because those authors collected from diverse habitats with different sampling techniques, and the studied area was larger.
Hippolyte pleuracanthus is the only species of the family representing a new record, being the coast of the Mexican Caribbean its southernmost range limit of distribution in the western Atlantic. Chace (1972) pointed out that H. pleuracanthus and H. zostericola are very closely related species, and confusion exists concerning the status of these species. The species can be distinguished principally by rostrum length, larger than the antennular peduncle in females of H. zostericola with respect to H. pleuracanthus. For males, the length of the rostrum in H. zostericola reaches almost the distal margin of the second peduncular segment, whereas in H. pleuracanthus it is shorter than, or equal to the first segment. In the specimens herein examined these characteristics were observed, corroborating the identification of this material as H. pleuracanthus.
The specimens cited as Trachycaris restrictus (MilneEdwards, 1878) by BrionesFourzán and LozanoÁlvarez (2002) and EscobarBriones and VillalobosHiriart (2003) for the Mexican Caribbean probably belongs to T. rugosa, but this must be confirmed. Criales (1992) stated that T. rugosa is distributed in the western Atlantic and T. restricta in the eastern Atlantic; however, Cardoso (2006) collected specimens of the latter species from the Brazilian coast; specimens of Trachycaris collected in the Western Atlantic require, therefore, careful examination.
Regarding the patterns of species distribution, Hippolyte obliquimanus, H. pleuracanthus, Lysmata wurdemanni, Thor dobkini, T. floridanus, T. manningi, Tozeuma carolinense, and Trachycaris rugosa are restricted to the Western Atlantic (Criales, 1992; Wicksten, 2005b); Latreutes fucorum and L. parvulus are distributed on both sides of the Atlantic (Christoffersen, 1998), whereas Hippolyte zostericola is an amphiAmerican species (Wicksten & Hendrickx, 2003).
The hippolytid fauna collected belongs to the Caribbean province which extends from the mouth of the Orinoco River, Venezuela, to Cabo Rojo, Gulf of Mexico (21°36N'), including the Caribbean Islands and southern Florida, from Cape Romano (25°54'N) in the Gulf of Mexico to Cape Canaveral in the Atlantic Ocean (Boschi, 2000; Briggs, 1974). In this zone, water temperature ranges from 20 to 25 °C in winter and between 28 and 30 °C in summer (Boschi, 2000). Markham et al. (1990) stated that most crustacean fauna of Quintana Roo occurs throughout the Caribbean Sea. Of the 11 species recorded by us in Bahía de la Ascensión, Bahía del Espíritu Santo and Mahahual reef lagoon, 5 (45.5%) have also been reported from Costa Rica and Venezuela (Rodríguez, 1980; Wehrtmann & Vargas, 2003); whereas all species collected in the present study are distributed also in Cuba (see MartínezIglesias et al., 1996).
The extended geographic range of the species herein reported includes distinct regions. In this case, besides the Caribbean province, the hippolytid fauna collected also displays great affinity with the Virginian (54.54%), the Carolinian (90.90%), the Texan (54.54%), and the Brazilian (63.63%) provinces (Table 1).
The distribution of the organisms may depend on the influence of environmental factors (Boschi, 2000). In this respect, Briggs (1995) argued that widespread patterns of many species are associated principally with temperature, which controls their distribution in the ocean. Considering that the crustacean fauna of Quintana Roo is tropical (Markham et al., 1990) and that warm and warmtemperate conditions prevail in the cited provinces (Briggs, 1974), this could explain the presence of the hippolytid fauna in these regions.
Including H. pleuracanthus, in the Mexican Caribbean occur 18 species of shallow waters hippolytids (Markham et al., 1990; BrionesFourzán & LozanoÁlvarez, 2002), whereas in the Mexican Pacific (Gulf of Califonia included) 19 species have been recorded (Wicksten, 1983; Wicksten & Hendrickx, 2003). In contrast, the region with the least number of species of hippolytids recorded is the eastern coast of Mexico with only 13 species known (Hernández Aguilera et al., 1996; Wicksten, 2005 b) (Table 2).
On the other hand, considering different ecosystems present along the coast of the Mexican Caribbean and that the distribution pattern of several species in the area is very extensive, the diversity of this family of crustaceans is probably underestimated (Vargas & Cortés, 1999). Therefore, carry out additional faunal inventories in the region is recommendable to provide basic information for future biological and ecological studies as well as the preservation of this faunal group.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Thanks are due to A. Reda Deara (estación El Carmen, ICMyL) for his support in the field work; to J. Romero Rodríguez, M. A. Carballido Carranza, A. Sánchez Quiñones, and V. Vega González for helping to process the biological material; to Dirección General de Vida Silvestre of the SEMARNAP, and the staff of the Reserva de la Biosfera de Sian Ka'an, for sampling facilities; as well as to Mrs. I. B. Mascher for help us with the English of the final draft.
REFERENCES
Abele L. G. & W. Kim. 1986. An illustrated guide to the marine decapod crustaceans of Florida. Technical Series of the State of Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. Vol. 8, part 1. 326 p. [ Links ]
Bate, C. S. 1888. Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 18731876. Report of the scientific results of the voyage of the H.M.S. Challenger during the years 187376, Zoology: 1942. [ Links ]
Bauer, R. T. 1985. Diel and seasonal variation in species composition and abundance of caridean shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda) from seagrass meadows on the north coast of Puerto Rico. Bulletin of Marine Science 36: 150162. [ Links ]
Boschi, E. E. 2000. Species of decapod crustaceans and their distribution in the American marine zoogeographic provinces. Revista de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero 13: 7136. [ Links ]
Bowen, M. A., P. O. Smyth, D. F. Boesch & J. Van Montfrans. 1979. Comparative biogeography of benthic macrocrustaceans of the Middle Atlantic (U.S.A.) continental shelf. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 3: 214255. [ Links ]
Briggs, J. C. 1974. Marine Zoogeography. McGrawHill Company, New York. 475 p. [ Links ]
Briggs, J. C. 1995. Global Biogeography. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 452 p. [ Links ]
BrionesFourzán, P. & E. LozanoÁlvarez. 2002. Shallowwater benthic decapod crustaceans of Chankanaab Park, Cozumel Island, Mexico. In: EscobarBriones, E. & F. Álvarez (Eds.). Modern Approaches to the Study of Crustaceans. Kluwer, Amsterdam, pp. 197204. [ Links ]
Cardoso, I. 2006. Caridea (Crustacea, Decapoda) collected on the Brazilian (13°/22°S) continental shelf and slope. Zootaxa 1364: 144. [ Links ]
Carvacho, A. 1979. Les crevettes carides de la mangrove guadaloupéenne. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 4e séries, section A, 2: 445470. [ Links ]
Castellanos Osorio, I. A. & E. SuárezMorales. 1997. Observaciones sobre el zooplancton de la zona arrecifal de Mahahual, Quintana Roo (Mar Caribe mexicano). Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoología 68: 237252. [ Links ]
Chace, F. A., Jr. 1972. The shrimps of the SmithsonianBredin Caribbean Expeditions with summary of the West Indian shallowwater species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 98: 1179. [ Links ]
Christoffersen, M. L. 1982. Distribution of warm water alpheoid shrimp (Crustacea, Caridea) on the continental shelf of eastern South America between 23 and 35° lat. S. Boletim do Instituto Oceanográfico, Sao Paulo 31: 93112. [ Links ]
Christoffersen, M. L. 1998. MalacostracaEucarida. Caridea. Crangonoidea and Alpheoidea (except Glyphocrangonidae and Crangonidae). In: Young, P. S. (Ed.). Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. (Serie Livros n. 6), Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. pp. 351372 [ Links ]
Coelho, P. A. & M. De A. Ramos. 1972. A constituçao e a distribuiçao da fauna de decápodos do litoral leste da América do Sul entre as latitudes de 5° N e 39°S. Trabalhos do Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco 13: 133236. [ Links ]
Coelho, P. A., A. O. De Almeida, J. F. De SouzaFilho, L. E. A. Bezerra & B. W. Giraldes. 2006. Diversity and distribution of the marine and estuarine shrimps (Dendrobranchiata, Stenopodidea and Caridea) from north and northeast Brazil. Zootaxa 1221: 4162. [ Links ]
Criales, M. M. 1984. Shrimps associated with coelenterates, echinoderms, and molluscs in the Santa Marta Region, Colombia. Journal of Crustacean Biology 4: 307317. [ Links ]
Criales, M. M. 1992. Redescription of the hippolytid shrimp Trachycaris rugosa (Bate) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the western Atlantic, with notes on sexual dimorphism. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 105: 562570. [ Links ]
Eckrich, C. E. & J. G. Holmquist. 2000. Trampling in a seagrass assemblage: direct effects, response of associated fauna, and the role of substrate characteristics. Marine Ecology Progress Series 201: 199209. [ Links ]
EscobarBriones, E. & J. L. VillalobosHiriart. 2003. Deepwater caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) from Banco Chinchorro and adjacent areas in the northern Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science 73: 99122. [ Links ]
FaustoFilho, J. 1975. Quinta contribuçao ao inventário dos crustáceos decápodos marinhos do nordeste Brasileiro. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar 15: 7984. [ Links ]
GarcíaMadrigal, M. S., C. CamposVázquez & N. E. González. 2002. Sección de crustáceos de referencia de bentos costero de ECOSUR. Universidad y Ciencia 18: 140148. [ Links ]
Gore, R. H., E. E. Gallaher, L. E. Scotto & K. A. Wilson. 1981. Studies on decapod crustacean from the Indian River region of Florida XI. Community composition, structure, biomass and speciesareal relationships of seagrass and drift algaeassociated macrocrustaceans. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 12: 485508. [ Links ]
Hernández Aguilera, J. L., R. E. Toral Almazán & J. A. Ruiz Nuño. 1996. Especies catalogadas de crustáceos estomatópodos y decápodos para el Golfo de México, Río Bravo, Tamps. a Puerto Progreso, Yuc. Secretaria de Marina y Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad. 132 p. [ Links ]
Holthuis, L. B. 1993. The recent genera of the caridean and stenopodidean shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda) with an appendix on the order Amphionidacea. Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden. 328 p. [ Links ]
Lemaitre, R. & R. Alvarez León. 1992. Crustáceos decápodos del Pacífico Colombiano: lista de especies y consideraciones zoogeográficas. Anales del Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas Punta Betín 21: 3376. [ Links ]
Markham, J. C. & J. J. McDermott. 1980. A tabulation of the Crustacea Decapoda of Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 93: 12661276. [ Links ]
Markham, J. C. & F. E. DonathHernández. 1990. Crustacea of Sian Ka'an, including orders Nectiopoda, Stomatopoda, Thermosbaena, Mysidacea, Cumacea, Tanaidacea, Isopoda and Decapoda. In: Navarro, L. D. & J. G. Robinson (Eds.). Diversidad Biológica en la Reserva de la Biósfera de Sian Ka'an Quintana Roo, México. Vol. 1. Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo & Program of Studies in Tropical Conservation, University of Florida, pp. 239256. [ Links ]
Markham, J. C., F. E. DonathHernández, J. L. VillalobosHiriart & A. C. DíazBarriga. 1990. Notes on the shallowwater marine Crustacea of the Caribbean Coast of Quintana Roo, Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoología 61: 405446. [ Links ]
Martin, J. W. & G. E. Davies. 2001. An updated classification of the recent Crustacea. National History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series 39: 1124. [ Links ]
MartínezIglesias, J. C. 1986. Los crustáceos decápodos del Golfo de Batabanó. Caridea y Penaeidea. Poeyana 321: 137. [ Links ]
MartínezIglesias, J. C., A. Carvacho & R. Ríos. 1996. Catálogo de los carídeos marinos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) de las aguas someras de Cuba. Avicennia 4/5: 2740. [ Links ]
MilneEdwards, A. 1878. Description de quelques espèces nouvelles de crustacés provenant du voyage aux iles du CapVert de MM. Bouvier et de Cessac. Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, séries 7, 2: 225232. [ Links ]
Rathbun, M. J. 1902. The Brachyura and Macrura of Porto Rico. United States Fisheries Commission Bulletin 20: 1127. [ Links ]
Rhyne, A. L. & J. Lin. 2006. A Western Atlantic peppermint shrimp complex: redescription of Lysmata wurdemanni, description of four new species, and remarks on Lysmata rathbunae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Hippolytidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 79: 165204. [ Links ]
Rodríguez, G. 1980. Los crustáceos decápodos de Venezuela. Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas. Caracas. 494 p. [ Links ]
RodríguezAlmaraz, G. A., A. LeijaTristán & R. Mendoza. 2000. Records of caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the coasts of the Mexican Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico and Mexican Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science 67: 857867. [ Links ]
RománContreras, R. 1988. Características ecológicas de los crustáceos decápodos de la Laguna de Términos. In: YáñezArancibia, A. & J. W. Day (Eds.). Ecología de los ecosistemas costeros en el sur del Golfo de México: la región de la Laguna de Términos. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, UNAM and Coast. Ecol. Inst., pp. 305322. [ Links ]
RománContreras, R. & J. RomeroRodríguez. 2005. Incidence of infestation by Bopyrina abbreviata Richardson, 1904 (Isopoda: Bopyridae) on Hippolyte zostericola (Smith, 1873) (Decapoda: Hippolytidae) in Laguna de Términos, Gulf of Mexico. Nauplius 13: 8388. [ Links ]
Suárez, E. & R. Gasca. 1994. Zooplankton biomass fluctuations in a Mexican Caribbean bay (Bahía de la Ascensión) during a year cycle. Caribbean Journal of Science 30: 116123. [ Links ]
SuárezMorales, E. & E. Rivera Arriaga. 1998. Zooplancton e hidrodinámica en zonas litorales y arrecifales de Quintana Roo, México. Hidrobiológica 8: 1932. [ Links ]
U'dekem D'acoz, C. D'. 1997. Redescription of Hippolyte obliquimanus Dana, 1852, and comparison with Hippolyte williamsi Schmitt, 1924 (Decapoda, Caridea). Crustaceana 70: 469479. [ Links ]
Varela, C., M. Ortiz & R. Lalana. 2003. Crustáceos (Peracarida y Decapoda), de la costa sur de la Península de Guanahacabibes, Cuba. Revista de Investigaciones Marinas 24: 7376. [ Links ]
Vargas, R. & J. Cortés. 1999. Biodiversidad marina de Costa Rica: Crustacea: Decapoda (Penaeoidea, Sergestoidea, Stenopodidea, Caridea, Palinura) del Caribe. Revista de Biología Tropical 47: 877885. [ Links ]
Wehrtmann, I. S. & R. Vargas. 2003. New records and range extensions of shrimps (Decapoda: Penaeoidea, Caridea) from the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Costa Rica, Central America. Revista de Biología Tropical 51: 268274. [ Links ]
Wicksten, M. K. 1983. A monograph on the shallow water caridean shrimps of the Gulf of California, Mexico. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 13: 159. [ Links ]
Wicksten, M. K. 1989. Hippolyte zostericola (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the eastern Pacific. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 102: 644645. [ Links ]
Wicksten, M. K. 1990. Key to the hippolytid shrimp of the eastern Pacific Ocean. Fishery Bulletin, U. S. A. 88: 587598. [ Links ]
Wicksten, M. K. 2005 a. Decapod crustaceans of the Flower Gardens Banks National Marine Sanctuary. Gulf of Mexico Science 23: 3037. [ Links ]
Wicksten, M. K. 2005 b. Hippolytid Shrimps. In: Hernández Aguilera, J. L., J. A. Ruiz Nuño, R. E. Toral Almazán & V. Arenas Fuentes (Eds.). Camarones, langostas y cangrejos de la costa este de México. Volumen 1. Estudio y Conservación de la Naturaleza y Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad. México, pp. 99118. [ Links ]
Wicksten, M. K. & Hendrickx M. E. 2003. An updated checklist of benthic marine and brackish water shrimps (Decapoda: Penaeoidea, Stenopodidea, Caridea) from Eastern Tropical Pacific. In: Hendrickx, M. E. (Ed.). Contributions to the study of east Pacific Crustaceans. 2. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, UNAM, México, pp. 4976. [ Links ]
Williams, A. B. 1984. Shrimps, lobsters, and crabs of the Atlantic coast of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D. C. 550 p. [ Links ]
Zupo, V. & W. G. Nelson. 1999. Factors influencing the association patterns of Hippolyte zostericola and Palaemonetes intermedius (Decapoda: Natantia) with seagrasses of the Indian River Lagoon, Florida. Marine Biology 134: 181190. [ Links ]