Resumo

LIVAS-GARCIA, Adrián. Evolution of energy embodied to Mexican economic system, patterns and trends from 1970 to 2012. An input-output approach. Ing. invest. y tecnol. [online]. 2019, vol.20, n.1. ISSN 2594-0732.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2019.20n1.002.

The research has two main objectives, the first one is to determine the energy embodied (EE) of the Mexican economic system, and the second one is determined its evolution through 42 years. The EE calculations and its distribution through the economic system started with the energy intensity indicator, it is understood as the amount of energy used in a country to produce a unit of GDP, and it is combined with input-output model with an aggregation level of 27 economic branches. It was made the distinction between the direct EE (is the energy supplied directly in the production processes) and the indirect (is the among of energy required to place the products in the final demand plus itself use). Its characteristics and trends were identified through the study period. It was found that the total EE grew 6.6 times according with 1970, the growth has been an exponential behavior. The indirect EE has been the main component and it guided the system behavior. During the analyzed years, more than half of the total EE circulates in five branches, in 1970 they accounted for 55% of the total and in 2012 they increased to 77% of the total EE, for those five economic branches most of its EE was exchanged between them. It is concluded that the technique is adequate to estimate the EE fluxes of economic system, from there is taken that it is worthy for develop diagnostics and design for politic policy for the energy resources management which achieve a balanced economic growth, the greatest actions potential is located with the indirect EE and with strategies that avoid its EE concentrations.

Palavras-chave : Embodied energy; energy intensity; input-output; energy flow; economic system.

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