Resumo

MACHADO VILLARROEL, Limberth  e  DIMAKIS RAMIREZ, Diamanti Abraham. Diagnostic approach to pulmonary thromboembolism. Acta méd. Grupo Ángeles [online]. 2017, vol.15, n.1, pp.36-46. ISSN 1870-7203.

Pulmonary embolism is a pathology of frequent presentation associated with high mortality rates; it is clinically characterized by highly unspecific signs and symptoms. Several modalities for its diagnosis exist: clinical prediction scores (revised Wells and Geneva scores), D-dimer, computed tomography pulmonary angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, X-rays, pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scan, helical computed tomography, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram and venous ultrasonography. Other tests, such as impedance plethysmography and phlebography were previously useful in the diagnostic protocol of deep vein thrombosis, and thus, pulmonary embolism; nevertheless, nowadays they have been displaced by tests with higher sensitivity and specificity. Several laboratory tests that measure biological markers useful in diagnosing pulmonary embolism have been developed; among them are brain natriuretic peptide, heart fatty acid binding protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C.

Palavras-chave : Tissue plasminogen activator; computed tomography pulmonary angiography; pulmonary embolism; venous thromboembolic disease; low-molecular-weight heparins; unfractionated heparin; inferior vena cava filters.

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