Resumo

SANCHEZ RUIZ, Abraham; LOPEZ MONTES DE OCA, José Alberto  e  GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, Rogaciano. Gender patterns in torture practices committed by Jalisco police (2008-2019). Nova scientia [online]. 2022, vol.14, n.28, 00018.  Epub 01-Ago-2022. ISSN 2007-0705.  https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v14i28.2955.

This article analyzed the torture methods used by the Jalisco state police against 81 victims in the period 2008-2019. All the cases were associated with detainees for participating in alleged crimes, fights, or road incidents. The objective of this research was to identify differences between men and women in relation to the methods of physical and emotional suffering during torture. We analyzed 50 human rights recommendations to obtain a sample of 81 citizens. Only those cases with complete information on gender, torture method and municipality where the events occurred were chosen. The information was analyzed with the Chi squared test and the risk factor for cross-sectional studies was estimated through the odds ratio model. There are 7 methods of torture widely applied to men and women. In addition, significant differences were obtained in the application of asphyxia against men and sexual violence against women, although with little frequency. Finally, a risk of 6 times more of experiencing the method of suffocation was found in men, as well as of 9 times more when it occurred in the city of Guadalajara or its metropolitan area. The significant differences identified in the methods of torture perpetrated against women and men are associated with gender-based violence. The police officers who participated in this crime chose methods based on gender stereotypes, generating differentiated and specific effects on their victims.

Palavras-chave : torture; gender; Jalisco; police; pattern; human rights; violence; regime; physical suffering; emotional suffering; torture methods; systematization; Guadalajara; Mexico; victims.