Resumo

KHAN, Imtiaz  e  KHAN, Muhammad Ishfaq. Environment friendly (allelopathic extract) weed control techniques in wheat crop. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.6, pp.1307-1316. ISSN 2007-0934.

Generally herbicides (pesticides) have the potential to pollute the environment. Ground water, ponds, lakes and rivers are strongly affected by herbicide pollution. The herbicides that find their way into rivers, streams and lakes end up poisoning the marine life and have an adverse effect on the fishing industry. So in field studies, the phytotoxic effects of organic weed extracts were determined on the weeds and wheat crop. Ethanol or CHCl₃ (trichloromethane or chloroform) extracts of toothpick weed (Ammi visnaga L.) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) were applied at 1 000 and 500 ppm. One month after wheat sowing. The CHCl₃ extract of field bindweed at 1 000 ppm and toothpick weed at 500 ppm drastically reduced the weeds population (33.67 weeds m^-2 each than 101 m^-2 in untreated control) but increased the wheat grain yield. The CHCl₃ extract of bindweed applied at 500 ppm gave maximum wheat yield (1.2 t ha^-1), while toothpick weed extract in the same solvent and applied at 1 000 ppm gave wheat yield of 1.1 t ha^-1. Judicious control measures for noxious weeds of allelopathic extracts are recommended to be adopted for harvesting better quantity and quality of wheat and also avoid the air pollution as well.

Palavras-chave : allelochemicals; environmentally friendly; phytotoxic effect on weeds; organic extracts; wheat crop.

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