Resumo

LOPEZ-GOMEZ, Pablo; IRACHETA-DONJUAN, Leobardo; OJEDA-ZACARIAS, Ma. Del Carmen  e  DUCOS, Jean Paul. Culture medium and inhibitors of ethylene in the coffee somatic embryogenesis. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.7, pp.1749-1757. ISSN 2007-0934.

The combination of salts, hormones and the gaseous environment in vitro could affect the expression of somatic embryogenesis. The effect of the combination of two culture media and inhibitors of ethylene induction of embryogenic callus of Coffea canephora P., and their ability to proliferate and form embryos was studied. five leaf explants of C. canephora P. genotypes were established in two different media, 23A8 [Yasuda salts with BAP (1.12 mg L-1)]; and T1B/T2B sequence consisting of a first crop T1B [50% of MS salts with 2iP (2 mg L-1), 2, 4-D (0.5 mg L-1) and AIB (1 mg L-1) ]; followed by T2B [50% of MS salts with BAP (4 mg L-1) and 2, 4-D (1 mg L-1) ]. These media were supplemented with AgNO3 (6.8 mg L-1) and Na2S2O3 (6.3 mg L-1). Using T1B/T2B led greater callus proliferation (up to 248 mg), but low percentages of embryogenic callus (less than 29%) and less differentiated than those obtained in the middle 23A8 (160 mg). In the multiplication phase were obtained calluses from 1 to 2.5 mg and multiplication rate of 10 to 24 times the initial biomass they. In differentiation, embryogenic potential of 25 000 to 137 000 embryos per gram of inoculated callus was observed. At each stage the effect of ethylene inhibitors genotype dependent on interaction with the culture medium.

Palavras-chave : Coffea canephora P.; AgNO₃; embryogenic potential; multiplication rate; Na₂S₂O₃.