Resumo

UGALDE-LEZAMA, Saúl et al. Trophic coexistence of woodpeckers (Picidae) in a Pinus cembroides (Zucc.) forest of the natural protected area know as Peña Alta, San Diego de la Union, Guanajuato. Rev. Chapingo ser. cienc. for. ambient [online]. 2011, vol.17, n.3, pp.361-377. ISSN 2007-4018.

The study of trophic coexistence in bird species is relevant to their management and conservation. From January to October 2008, feeding behaviors and entomological diet components of Melanerpes formicivorous and Picoides scalaris were identified. Fixed radius points were used to observe birds, mist nest were used to capture them. Melanerpes formicivorous and Picoides scalaris preferred the hunting techniques Drilling and Collecting during feeding behaviors. These hunting techniques were explained by five and four variables (P<0.05), respectively. The strata Pinus cembroides and Quercus spp were the most common by both species. Coleoptera and Hemíptera were the most consumed insect orders. The main families recorded correspond to Scolytidae, Curculionidae, Penta-tomidae, Cicadellidae, Cleridae and Melyridae. The types of insects most consumed by both species were Pest (P), No Pest (NP) and Predators (PR). A significant proportion of individuals (X²=9.19, X²_0001(5)=20.5) of insects in diets was recorded. However, it was not possible to record all insect fragments (X²=56.33, X²_0.001(5) =20.5). The number of individuals (a=0.05, P-value=0.2317) and fragments (a=0.05, P-value=0.2606) among species was similar. Seven variables (P<0.05) determined the occurrence of fat and consumption of prey. Although the two species of woodpeckers studied have similar anatomy, physiology and ethology, they trophically coexisted in ANPPA segregated during their feeding process minimizing, in this way, interspecific competition.

Palavras-chave : Trophic; diets; Pinus cembroides; Melanerpes formicivorous; Picoides scalaris; Peña Alta.