Description:

An 18-year-old male sought medical attention due to hematuria and acute urinary retention. The patient had an emergency cystoscopy, after which he underwent radical prostatectomy. The pathology study stated prostate rhabdomyosarcoma.

Relevance:

There are very few cases reported both in Mexico and in the international literature. Thus, diagnostic suspicion is low, and once suspected, the disease is a therapeutic and multidisciplinary challenge.

Clinical implications:

Hematuria and obstructive prostatic growth in patients younger than the fourth decade of life are characteristics that should lead to the suspicion of this type of neoplasia.

Conclusions:

Prostate sarcomas are rare tumors and their natural history is not well understood. Local and distant progression is rapid, with a mean 2-year survival, despite multimodal therapeutic management. The main survival factors are complete tumor resection, early-stage local disease, and low tumor grade. New chemotherapy protocols are needed to prolong patient survival, as has been demonstrated in other types of sarcomas in the extremities.