Introduction:

Epididymitis due to histoplasmosis is a rare pathology, with only 10 cases reported in a total of 8 articles found up to the end of 2020, in a direct search of international databases (PubMed, Scielo). It manifests as a pseudo-tumor, causing clinical suspicion of malignancy, and is more frequent in patients presenting with immunodeficiency, especially HIV-AIDS.

A 22-year-old man underwent simple orchiectomy at the surgery service due to a solid tumor adhered to the posterosuperior region of the left testis.

The anatomic pathology service received a specimen labeled as a 5x5x2.5cm left testis and a 3.5x2x2cm nodule, with a dark brown, irregular surface of rubbery consistency. Sectioning revealed a smooth light brown surface with light yellow areas. Diagnosis was epididymitis due to histoplasmosis.

Conclusions:

Epididymitis due to histoplasmosis is a rare pathology and its diagnosis is made through microbiology. Once the diagnosed disease is treated, undiagnosed immunodeficiency should be suspected.