Resumo

GUTIERREZ, Javiera et al. Differences in temperament according to socioeconomic status in 12 to 30 months Chilean children. Acta de investigación psicol [online]. 2018, vol.8, n.2, pp.42-58. ISSN 2007-4719.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fpsi.20074719e.2018.2.04.

Temperament is understood as the set of individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation, considered as stable through time, and influenced by the heritability, the biological maturation, and the interaction with the environment. The aim of this study was to determine if the dimensions of temperament (extraversion, negative affect, and self-regulation) show differences according to socioeconomic status in Chilean children attending to nurseries. For this study, 103 children from both genders were evaluated at 12 and 30 months old, using the IBQ-R-VSF and ECBQ-VSF questionnaires, which were answered by their parent. Results showed that between 12 and 30 months, extraversion remained constant, while the dimensions of negative affect and self-regulation decreased significantly. Children from high socioeconomic status showed higher self-regulation at age of 12 months, while the ones from low socioeconomic status decreased their negative affect at 30 months old. Results are discussed based on evidence about realities from different socioeconomic statuses.

Palavras-chave : Temperament; Extraversion; Negative affect; Self-regulation; Socioeconomic status.